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Torsades de pointes, torsade de pointes or torsades des pointes (TdP; also called torsades) (/ t ɔːr ˌ s ɑː d d ə ˈ p w æ̃ t /, [2] French: [tɔʁsad də pwɛ̃t̪], translated as "twisting of peaks") is a specific type of abnormal heart rhythm that can lead to sudden cardiac death.
Precordial leads of a 12-lead ECG from a person with short QT syndrome The mainstay of diagnosis of short QT syndrome is the 12-lead ECG. The precise QT duration used to diagnose the condition remains controversial with consensus guidelines giving cutoffs varying from 330 ms, [ 12 ] 340 ms or even 360 ms when other clinical, familial, or ...
In a 12-lead ECG, all leads except the limb leads are assumed to be unipolar (aVR, aVL, aVF, V 1, V 2, V 3, V 4, V 5, and V 6). The measurement of a voltage requires two contacts and so, electrically, the unipolar leads are measured from the common lead (negative) and the unipolar lead (positive).
Long QT syndrome is principally diagnosed by measuring the QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc) on a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Long QT syndrome is associated with a prolonged QTc, although in some genetically proven cases of LQTS this prolongation can be hidden, known as concealed LQTS. [ 23 ]
12-lead electrocardiogram showing ST-segment elevation (orange) in I, aVL and V1–V5 with reciprocal changes (blue) in the inferior leads, indicative of an anterior wall myocardial infarction. When there is a blockage of the coronary artery, there will be lack of oxygen supply to all three layers of cardiac muscle (transmural ischemia).
A 12-lead ECG showing paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia at about 180 beats per minute. Subtypes of SVT can often be distinguished by their electrocardiogram (ECG) characteristics. Most have a narrow QRS complex, although, occasionally, electrical conduction abnormalities may produce a wide QRS complex that may mimic ventricular ...
Since this accessory pacemaker also activates independently of the impulse generated at the SA node, two independent rhythms can be noted on the electrocardiogram (ECG). The P waves with a regular P-to-P interval (in other words, a sinus rhythm) represent the first rhythm. The QRS complexes with a regular R-to-R interval represent the second ...
Romano–Ward syndrome is principally diagnosed by measuring the QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc) on a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Romano–Ward syndrome is associated with a prolonged QTc, although in some genetically proven cases of Romano–Ward syndrome this prolongation can be hidden, known as concealed Long QT syndrome. [ 13 ]