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  2. List of cognitive biases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

    For example, when getting to know others, people tend to ask leading questions which seem biased towards confirming their assumptions about the person. However, this kind of confirmation bias has also been argued to be an example of social skill; a way to establish a connection with the other person. [9]

  3. External validity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_validity

    In other words, it is the extent to which the results of a study can generalize or transport to other situations, people, stimuli, and times. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Generalizability refers to the applicability of a predefined sample to a broader population while transportability refers to the applicability of one sample to another target population. [ 2 ]

  4. Psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology

    Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. [1] [2] Its subject matter includes the behavior of humans and nonhumans, both conscious and unconscious phenomena, and mental processes such as thoughts, feelings, and motives.

  5. Bounded rationality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bounded_rationality

    Another example is a trader who would make a moderate and risky decision to trade their stock due to time pressure and imperfect information of the market at that time. In organisational context, a CEO cannot make fully rational decisions in an ad-hoc situation because their cognition was overwhelmed by a lot of information in that tense situation.

  6. Social-desirability bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social-desirability_bias

    For example, a participant will be asked whether their birth year is even and whether they have performed an illegal activity; if yes to both or no to both, to select A, and if yes to one but no to the other, select B. By combining sensitive and non-sensitive questions, the participant's response to the sensitive item is masked.

  7. Cognitive load - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_load

    For example, Deleeuw and Mayer (2008) compared three commonly used measures of cognitive load and found that they responded in different ways to extraneous, intrinsic, and germane load. [26] A 2020 study showed that there may be various demand components that together form extraneous cognitive load, but that may need to be measured using ...

  8. Basic limiting principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_Limiting_Principle

    Some of these seem to be self-evident. Others are so overwhelmingly supported by all the empirical facts which fall within the range of ordinary experience and the scientific elaborations of it (including under this heading orthodox psychology) that it hardly enters our heads to question them. Let us call these Basic Limiting Principles." [1]

  9. Reactance (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactance_(psychology)

    A possible effect of justification is a limitation of the threat to a specific behavior or set of behaviors. For example, if Mr. Doe states that he is interfering with Mrs. Smith's expectations because of an emergency, this keeps Mrs Smith from imagining that Mr. Doe will interfere on future occasions as well. Likewise, legitimacy may point to ...