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Light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis at the thylakoid membrane. Photosystems are functional and structural units of protein complexes involved in photosynthesis. Together they carry out the primary photochemistry of photosynthesis: the absorption of light and the transfer of energy and electrons.
For example, with glucose, some sugar appears in the urine at levels much lower than 300 mg/dL. [2] The point at which the effects start to appear is called "threshold", and the difference between threshold and transport maximum is called "splay". [3]
Its mechanism is exploited in glucose rehydration therapy [32] This mechanism uses the absorption of sugar through the walls of the intestine to pull water in along with it. [32] Defects in SGLT2 prevent effective reabsorption of glucose, causing familial renal glucosuria. [33]
The difference between Photosystem II and the bacterial reaction center is the source of the electron that neutralizes the pair of chlorophyll a molecules. In the bacterial reaction center, the electron is obtained from a reduced compound haem group in a cytochrome subunit or from a water-soluble cytochrome-c protein.
In chemistry, many reactions depend on the absorption of photons to provide the energy needed to overcome the activation energy barrier and hence can be labelled light-dependent. Such reactions range from the silver halide reactions used in photographic film to the creation and destruction of ozone in the upper atmosphere .
Glucose (blood sugar) is distributed to cells in the tissues, where it is broken down via cellular respiration, or stored as glycogen. [3] [4] In cellular (aerobic) respiration, glucose and oxygen are metabolized to release energy, with carbon dioxide and water as endproducts. [2] [4]
Photosynthesis changes sunlight into chemical energy, splits water to liberate O 2, and fixes CO 2 into sugar. Most photosynthetic organisms are photoautotrophs, which means that they are able to synthesize food directly from carbon dioxide and water using energy from light.
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C 6 H 12 O 6.It is overall the most abundant monosaccharide, [4] a subcategory of carbohydrates.It is mainly made by plants and most algae during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight.