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Chainer was the first deep learning framework to introduce the define-by-run approach. [10] [11] The traditional procedure to train a network was in two phases: define the fixed connections between mathematical operations (such as matrix multiplication and nonlinear activations) in the network, and then run the actual training calculation. This ...
Automated Deep Learning Using Neural Network Intelligence: Develop and Design PyTorch and TensorFlow Models Using Python. Apress. Apress. ISBN 978-1484281482 .
Torch is an open-source machine learning library, a scientific computing framework, and a scripting language based on Lua. [3] It provides LuaJIT interfaces to deep learning algorithms implemented in C. It was created by the Idiap Research Institute at EPFL. Torch development moved in 2017 to PyTorch, a port of the library to Python. [4] [5] [6]
Although the Python interface is more polished and the primary focus of development, PyTorch also has a C++ interface. [ 14 ] A number of pieces of deep learning software are built on top of PyTorch, including Tesla Autopilot , [ 15 ] Uber 's Pyro, [ 16 ] Hugging Face 's Transformers, [ 17 ] PyTorch Lightning , [ 18 ] [ 19 ] and Catalyst.
Linux, macOS, Windows: Python: Python: Only on Linux No Yes No Yes Yes Keras: François Chollet 2015 MIT license: Yes Linux, macOS, Windows: Python: Python, R: Only if using Theano as backend Can use Theano, Tensorflow or PlaidML as backends Yes No Yes Yes [20] Yes Yes No [21] Yes [22] Yes MATLAB + Deep Learning Toolbox (formally Neural Network ...
Designed to enable fast experimentation with deep neural networks, Keras focuses on being user-friendly, modular, and extensible. It was developed as part of the research effort of project ONEIROS (Open-ended Neuro-Electronic Intelligent Robot Operating System), [ 5 ] and its primary author and maintainer is François Chollet , a Google engineer.
Apache MXNet is an open-source deep learning software framework that trains and deploys deep neural networks. It aims to be scalable, allows fast model training, and supports a flexible programming model and multiple programming languages (including C++, Python, Java, Julia, MATLAB, JavaScript, Go, R, Scala, Perl, and Wolfram Language).
[3] [4] It is one of the most popular deep learning frameworks, alongside others such as PyTorch and PaddlePaddle. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] It is free and open-source software released under the Apache License 2.0 .