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An Eastern Hemlock branch at the Kortright Centre for Conservation. Tsuga canadensis, also known as eastern hemlock, [3] eastern hemlock-spruce, [4] or Canadian hemlock, and in the French-speaking regions of Canada as pruche du Canada, is a coniferous tree native to eastern North America. It is the state tree of Pennsylvania. [5]
Western hemlock is a large evergreen conifer growing to 50–70 metres (165–230 feet) tall, exceptionally 83 m (273 ft), [7] and with a trunk diameter of up to 2.7 m (9 ft). It is the largest species of hemlock , with the next largest ( mountain hemlock ) reaching a maximum height of 59 m (194 ft).
Taxus canadensis, the Canada yew [2] or Canadian yew, is a conifer native to central and eastern North America, thriving in swampy woods, ravines, riverbanks and on lake shores. Locally called simply as "yew", this species is also referred to as American yew or ground-hemlock.
Tsuga (/ ˈ s uː ɡ ə /, [3] from Japanese 栂 (ツガ), the name of Tsuga sieboldii) is a genus of conifers in the subfamily Abietoideae of Pinaceae, the pine family.The English-language common name "hemlock" arose from a perceived similarity in the smell of its crushed foliage to that of the unrelated plant hemlock. [4]
Subzones may be divided into variants, each of which is denoted by a number. For example, the numerous variants of the Interior Cedar—Hemlock moist warm subzone are designated as ICHmw1, ICHmw2, etc. A variant may be divided into phases, such as ICHmc1a, the amabilis fir phase of the Interior Cedar—Hemlock moist cold subzone.
It can grow as a vine or shrub and can be identified by its smooth green leaves in clusters of three. In the spring, it will produce greenish-white flowers and in the fall, white berries.
Join conservationists for a hands-on workshop at Cumming Nature Center to identify and survey the tree-killing insect, hemlock woolly adelgid.
The mid-Holocene hemlock decline was an abrupt decrease in Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) populations noticeable in fossil pollen records across the tree's range. [1] It has been estimated to have occurred approximately 5,500 calibrated radiocarbon years before 1950 AD. [2] The decline has been linked to insect activity [1] [3] and to ...