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SDG 4, or Sustainable Development Goal 4, is a commitment to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all. This goal aims to provide children and young people with quality and easy access to education, as well as other learning opportunities, and supports the reduction of inequalities.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD research across 20 countries (2009) [2] confirms that improving the quality of teachers’ knowledge (see Lee Shulman’s definition) is the intervention most likely to bring about improvements in learning and educational outcomes.
Some education theorists concentrate on a single overarching purpose of education, viewing more specific aims as means to this end. [154] At a personal level, this purpose is often equated with assisting the student in leading a good life. [155] Societally, education aims to cultivate individuals into productive members of society. [156]
SDG 4 is to: "Ensure inclusive [25] and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all." [ 26 ] The indicators for this goal are, for example, attendance rates at primary schools, completion rates of primary school education, participation in tertiary education, and so forth.
The Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA) was created to oversee quality of education and to ensure outcomes were being reached. [19] The MQA created a framework that includes eight levels of qualification within higher education, covering three sectors; skills, vocational and technical, and academic. [20]
Education is a major component of well-being and is used in the measure of economic development and quality of life, which is a key factor determining whether a country is a developed, developing, or underdeveloped country.
Academic standards are the benchmarks of quality and excellence in education such as the rigour of curricula and the difficulty of examinations. [1] The creation of universal academic standards requires agreement on rubrics, criteria or other systems of coding academic achievement. [ 2 ]
The right to education has been recognized as a human right in a number of international conventions, including the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights which recognizes a right to free, primary education for all, an obligation to develop secondary education accessible to all with the progressive introduction of free secondary education, as well as an obligation to ...