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  2. DFFITS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFFITS

    Previously when assessing a dataset before running a linear regression, the possibility of outliers would be assessed using histograms and scatterplots. Both methods of assessing data points were subjective and there was little way of knowing how much leverage each potential outlier had on the results data.

  3. Dixon's Q test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dixon's_Q_test

    However, at 95% confidence, Q = 0.455 < 0.466 = Q table 0.167 is not considered an outlier. McBane [1] notes: Dixon provided related tests intended to search for more than one outlier, but they are much less frequently used than the r 10 or Q version that is intended to eliminate a single outlier.

  4. Cochran's C test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochran's_C_test

    Cochran's test, [1] named after William G. Cochran, is a one-sided upper limit variance outlier statistical test .The C test is used to decide if a single estimate of a variance (or a standard deviation) is significantly larger than a group of variances (or standard deviations) with which the single estimate is supposed to be comparable.

  5. Outlier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outlier

    The modified Thompson Tau test is used to find one outlier at a time (largest value of δ is removed if it is an outlier). Meaning, if a data point is found to be an outlier, it is removed from the data set and the test is applied again with a new average and rejection region. This process is continued until no outliers remain in a data set.

  6. Grubbs's test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grubbs's_test

    However, multiple iterations change the probabilities of detection, and the test should not be used for sample sizes of six or fewer since it frequently tags most of the points as outliers. [3] Grubbs's test is defined for the following hypotheses: H 0: There are no outliers in the data set H a: There is exactly one outlier in the data set

  7. Robust regression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robust_regression

    The M in M-estimation stands for "maximum likelihood type". The method is robust to outliers in the response variable, but turned out not to be resistant to outliers in the explanatory variables (leverage points). In fact, when there are outliers in the explanatory variables, the method has no advantage over least squares.

  8. Studentized residual - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Studentized_residual

    This is an important technique in the detection of outliers. It is among several named in honor of William Sealey Gosset , who wrote under the pseudonym "Student" (e.g., Student's distribution ). Dividing a statistic by a sample standard deviation is called studentizing , in analogy with standardizing and normalizing .

  9. Mahalanobis distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahalanobis_distance

    Mahalanobis distance is also used to determine multivariate outliers. Regression techniques can be used to determine if a specific case within a sample population is an outlier via the combination of two or more variable scores.