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In mathematics, an involute (also known as an evolvent) is a particular type of curve that is dependent on another shape or curve. An involute of a curve is the locus of a point on a piece of taut string as the string is either unwrapped from or wrapped around the curve. [1] The evolute of an involute is the original curve.
At sections of the curve with ′ > or ′ < the curve is an involute of its evolute. (In the diagram: The blue parabola is an involute of the red semicubic parabola, which is actually the evolute of the blue parabola.) Proof of the last property:
Any involution is a bijection.. The identity map is a trivial example of an involution. Examples of nontrivial involutions include negation (x ↦ −x), reciprocation (x ↦ 1/x), and complex conjugation (z ↦ z) in arithmetic; reflection, half-turn rotation, and circle inversion in geometry; complementation in set theory; and reciprocal ciphers such as the ROT13 transformation and the ...
Involution (mathematics), a function that is its own inverse; Involution algebra, a *-algebra: a type of algebraic structure; Involute, a construction in the differential geometry of curves; Exponentiation (archaic use of the term)
In the case where the rolling curve is a line and the generator is a point on the line, the roulette is called an involute of the fixed curve. If the rolling curve is a circle and the fixed curve is a line then the roulette is a trochoid. If, in this case, the point lies on the circle then the roulette is a cycloid.
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The initiative began with 265 high schools piloting Illustrative Math for algebra, but many teachers hated the tightly scripted lesson plans, rigid schedule, and requirement that students work in ...
Just as the area below a line is proportional to the length of the line between boundaries, and the area of a circular sector is a ratio of the arc length (=) of the sector (=), the area between an involute and its bounding circle is also proportional to the involute's arc length =: = = for < <.