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In scientific writing, IMRAD or IMRaD (/ ˈ ɪ m r æ d /) (Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion) [1] is a common organizational structure (a document format). IMRaD is the most prominent norm for the structure of a scientific journal article of the original research type.
Research is often conducted using the hourglass model structure of research. [30] The hourglass model starts with a broad spectrum for research, focusing in on the required information through the method of the project (like the neck of the hourglass), then expands the research in the form of discussion and results.
One of the most common formats for presenting reports is IMRAD—introduction, methods, results, and discussion. This structure, standard for the genre, mirrors traditional publication of scientific research and summons the ethos and credibility of that discipline. Reports are not required to follow this pattern and may use alternative methods ...
Scholarly communication involves the creation, publication, dissemination and discovery of academic research, primarily in peer-reviewed journals and books. [1] It is “the system through which research and other scholarly writings are created, evaluated for quality, disseminated to the scholarly community, and preserved for future use."
The results and discussion section describes the outcome and implications of the research, and the conclusion section places the research in context and describes avenues for further exploration. In addition to the above, some scientific journals such as Science will include a news section where scientific developments (often involving ...
This conference resulted in the QUOROM checklist and a flow diagram that described the preferred way to present the abstract, introduction, methods, results, and discussion sections of a report of a systematic review or a meta-analysis. [6] Eight of the original 18 items formed the basis of the QUOROM reporting.
dramatic results like these, we made healthy options the implicit default in our experimental condition intended to increase healthy choices. Overview of the Current Study The study was designed to assess the effects of informational vs. asymmetrically paternalistic approaches to encouraging low-calorie meal choices. The informational
[9] [10] Research on the active response itself is summarised in. [2]: 614 Later discussion of experiments like these suggested that the results might be due to practice rather than feedback. Undoubtedly, the set-up had given extra practice on the questions as well as knowledge of results, and the experiments often confounded the two factors.