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  2. Osmoregulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmoregulation

    Osmoregulation is the active regulation of the osmotic pressure of an organism's body fluids, detected by osmoreceptors, to maintain the homeostasis of the organism's water content; that is, it maintains the fluid balance and the concentration of electrolytes (salts in solution which in this case is represented by body fluid) to keep the body fluids from becoming too diluted or concentrated.

  3. Human thermoregulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_thermoregulation

    Simplified control circuit of human thermoregulation. [8]The core temperature of a human is regulated and stabilized primarily by the hypothalamus, a region of the brain linking the endocrine system to the nervous system, [9] and more specifically by the anterior hypothalamic nucleus and the adjacent preoptic area regions of the hypothalamus.

  4. Tight junction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tight_junction

    TEM of rat kidney tissue shows a protein dense tight junction (three dark lines) at ~55,000x magnification.. Tight junctions provide endothelial and epithelial cells with barrier function, which can be further subdivided into protective barriers and functional barriers serving purposes such as material transport and maintenance of osmotic balance.

  5. Osmoreceptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmoreceptor

    The macula densa responds to changes in osmotic pressure through changes in the rate of sodium ion (Na +) flow through the nephron. Decreased Na + flow stimulates tubuloglomerular feedback to autoregulate, a signal (thought to be regulated by adenosine ) sent to the nearby juxtaglomerular cells of the afferent arteriole , causing the ...

  6. Cell junction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_junction

    Found in vertebrate epithelia, tight junctions act as barriers that regulate the movement of water and solutes between epithelial layers. Tight junctions are classified as a paracellular barrier which is defined as not having directional discrimination; however, movement of the solute is largely dependent upon size and charge.

  7. Perspiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspiration

    Artificial skin capable of sweating similar to natural sweat rates and with the surface texture and wetting properties of regular skin has been developed for research purposes. [ 34 ] [ 35 ] Artificial perspiration is also available for in-vitro testing, and contains 19 amino acids and the most abundant minerals and metabolites in sweat.

  8. Turgor pressure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turgor_pressure

    Turgor pressure within the stomata regulates when the stomata can open and close, which plays a role in transpiration rates of the plant. This is also important because this function regulates water loss within the plant. Lower turgor pressure can mean that the cell has a low water concentration and closing the stomata would help to preserve water.

  9. Fluid balance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_balance

    The recommended daily amount of drinking water for humans varies. [1] It depends on activity, age, health, and environment.In the United States, the Adequate Intake for total water, based on median intakes, is 4.0 litres (141 imp fl oz; 135 US fl oz) per day for males older than 18, and 3.0 litres (106 imp fl oz; 101 US fl oz) per day for females over 18; it assumes about 80% from drink and 20 ...