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Spina bifida (SB; /ˌspaɪnə ˈbɪfɪdə/, [9] Latin for 'split spine') [10] is a birth defect in which there is incomplete closing of the spine and the membranes around the spinal cord during early development in pregnancy. [1] There are three main types: spina bifida occulta, meningocele and myelomeningocele. [1]
The photograph was taken during a medical procedure to fix the spina bifida lesion of a 21-week-old fetus. The operation was performed by a surgical team at Vanderbilt University in Nashville. The team, Dr. Joseph Bruner and Dr. Noel Tulipan, had been developing a technique for correcting certain fetal problems in mid-pregnancy.
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It is a multifactorial aetiology and is most typically accompanied by other defects. Rachischisis is often described as a severe form of spina bifida, with the spine not only being exposed to the exterior environment, but with the opening being large enough to allow the neural plate to spread out of the opening and to the surface. [citation needed]
[7] Most sacral dimple cases are minor and do not relate to any underlying medical problem, [1] [3] [5] but some can result from disease, notably spina bifida. [3] [5] If so, this is usually the spina bifida occulta form, which is the least serious kind. [3] Simple dimples are typically small, measuring less than 5 mm in size.
Iniencephaly is a rare type of cephalic disorder [1] [2] characterised by three common characteristics: a defect to the occipital bone, spina bifida of the cervical vertebrae and retroflexion (backward bending) of the head on the cervical spine. [3]
Image credits: BlueberrySympathizer There is an epidemic of animals in need of new homes. While there have (arguably) been some improvements in the situation over the years, things are still dire.
1 Ultrasound scan of fetal open spina bifida. Toggle the table of contents. Wikipedia: Featured picture candidates/Ultrasound of fetal spina bifida. Add languages.