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A bimalleolar fracture is a fracture of the ankle that involves the lateral malleolus and the medial malleolus. Studies have shown [ 1 ] that bimalleolar fractures are more common in women, people over 60 years of age, and patients with existing comorbidities.
A trimalleolar fracture is a fracture of the ankle that involves the lateral malleolus, the medial malleolus, and the distal posterior aspect of the tibia, which can be termed the posterior malleolus. The trauma is sometimes accompanied by ligament damage and dislocation. [1]
[1] [2] Types of ankle fractures include lateral malleolus, medial malleolus, posterior malleolus, bimalleolar, and trimalleolar fractures. [1] The Ottawa ankle rule can help determine the need for X-rays. [2] Special X-ray views called stress views help determine whether an ankle fracture is unstable. Treatment depends on the fracture type.
medial malleolus occasionally fractured; usually stable: occasionally nonetheless requires an open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) particularly if medial malleolus fractured; Type B. Fracture of the fibula at the level of the syndesmosis. Typical features: at the level of the ankle joint, extending superiorly and laterally up the fibula
A fractured fibula in addition to detaching the medial malleolus will tear the tibiofibular syndesmosis. [2] The combined fracture of the medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, and the posterior margin of the distal end of the tibia is known as a "trimalleolar fracture". [3] An example of Pott's fracture would be in a sports tackling injury.
Bone tenderness along the distal 6 cm of the posterior edge of the tibia or tip of the medial malleolus, OR; Bone tenderness along the distal 6 cm of the posterior edge of the fibula or tip of the lateral malleolus, OR; An inability to bear weight both immediately and in the emergency department for four steps.
Delaying diagnosis and treatment can result in intraoperative complications. In one case of a clinical study, conducted in 2000 and published in Orthopedics, the insertion of a super-syndesmotic screw caused the lateral malleolus to be further shifted laterally; subsequent removal of the screw was necessary. [7]
Implant that has been used for fixation of a broken wrist. Closed reduction internal fixation (CRIF) is reduction without any open surgery, followed by internal fixation. It appears to be an acceptable alternative in unstable distressed lateral condylar fractures of the humerus in children, but if fracture displacement after closed reduction exceeds 2 mm, open reduction and internal fixation ...