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Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce.Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics.
RecA is a 38 kilodalton protein essential for the repair and maintenance of DNA in bacteria. [2] Structural and functional homologs to RecA have been found in all kingdoms of life. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] RecA serves as an archetype for this class of homologous DNA repair proteins .
Use of the MCP allows bacteria to detect concentrations of molecules in the extracellular matrix so that the bacteria may smooth swim or tumble accordingly. If the bacterium detects rising levels of attractants ( nutrients ) or declining levels of repellents ( toxins ), the bacterium will continue swimming forward, or smooth swimming.
Carboxysome assembly occurs through a series of protein-protein interactions: the enzyme RuBisCO and the two isoforms (full length and short form) of the CcmM protein interact by means of the SSLDs; in strains containing CcaA the beta-carbonic anhydrase is brought into the carboxysome core by interaction with the N-terminus of the full length CcmM.
Carbon catabolite repression, or simply catabolite repression, is an important part of global control system of various bacteria and other microorganisms. Catabolite repression allows microorganisms to adapt quickly to a preferred (rapidly metabolizable) carbon and energy source first.
The structure of the Bacterial Microcompartment shell. The first structure of a BMC shell, determined by X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy, [1] contains representatives of each of the shell protein types: BMC-P, BMC-H and BMC-T, in both its trimer (upper right) and dimer of trimer (lower right), forms.
Scheme of the complement system. The complement system, also known as complement cascade, is a part of the humoral, innate immune system and enhances (complements) the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen's cell membrane. [1]
Significantly, heterotrophic bacteria were also found to markedly increase in number in the iron-induced blooms. Thus there is the element of synergism between phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria. Phytoplankton require iron (provided by bacterial siderophores), and heterotrophic bacteria require non-CO 2 carbon sources (provided by ...