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SCCV has many risk factors in common with cervical cancer and is similarly strongly associated with infection with oncogenic strains of human papillomavirus (HPV). Diagnosis of SCCV is done by pelvic exam and biopsy of the tissue. Treatment and prognosis will depend on the stage, location, and characteristics of the cancer. [1] [2] [3]
Vulvar cancer causes less than 1% of all cancer cases and deaths but around 6% of all gynecologic cancers diagnosed in the UK. Around 1,200 women were diagnosed with the disease in 2011, and 400 women died in 2012. [41] In the United Kingdom 7 out of 10 vulval cancer patients have major surgical resection as part of their cancer treatment.
The cause of CIN is chronic infection of the cervix with HPV, especially infection with high-risk HPV types 16 or 18. It is thought that the high-risk HPV infections have the ability to inactivate tumor suppressor genes such as the p53 gene and the RB gene, thus allowing the infected cells to grow unchecked and accumulate successive mutations, eventually leading to cancer.
The last category, alterations in the constitution of blood, [6] has numerous possible risk factors such as hyperviscosity, coagulation factor V Leiden mutation, coagulation factor II G2021A mutation, deficiency of antithrombin III, protein C or S deficiency, nephrotic syndrome, changes after severe trauma or burn, cancer, late pregnancy and ...
Treatment begins with a thorough assessment. The presence of someone to provide support during the examination is very beneficial. [13] Such support is especially prioritized in cases of vaginal trauma due to sexual assault. A support person provides emotional support and can help minimize the risk of re-traumatization.
Like most cancers, early detection is key, and knowing the signs of breast cancer remains helpful. According to the American Cancer Society, symptoms include: Swollen breast or partial swelling
The risk of wandering is a reality for Alzheimer's patients and their loved ones. Yet with the proper tools and a support system in place, caregivers can reduce the dangers it can bring. Story ...
Risk factors: Genetics, possibly, infection with simian virus 40 [3] [4] Diagnostic method: Medical imaging, examining fluid produced by the cancer, tissue biopsy [2] Prevention: Decreased asbestos exposure [5] Treatment: Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, pleurodesis [6] Prognosis: Five year survival c. 8–12% (US; varies by race) [7 ...