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The Philippine archipelago is bounded by subduction zones which makes the region volcanically active. The most active volcano in the Philippines is the Mayon Volcano located in southeastern Luzon. [36] It is related to the subduction of Philippine Sea plate beneath the Philippine Mobile Belt. [4] Earthquakes (mag >6.0) in the Philippines (2019)
In the geology of the Philippines, the Philippine Mobile Belt is a complex portion of the tectonic boundary between the Eurasian plate and the Philippine Sea plate, comprising most of the country of the Philippines. It includes two subduction zones, the Manila Trench to the west and the Philippine Trench to the east, as well as the Philippine ...
The Manila Trench was formed by the subduction of the Eurasian Plate underneath the Philippine Sea Plate, which initiated during the Middle Miocene (22-25 million years ago). A characteristic feature of this plate boundary is the gradual change from normal subduction (on the southern margin) to a collisional regime (on the northern margin ...
The Philippine Fault Zone (PFZ) extends 1200 km across the Philippine archipelago behind the convergent boundary of the Philippine Trench and the subduction of the Philippine Sea plate. [3] This left-lateral strike-slip fault extends NW-SE (N30 – 40 W) accommodating the lateral oblique motion of the subducting Philippine Sea plate with ...
The Sierra Madre Basin and Isabella Ridge may represent the trench, forearc basin, and subduction complex. [5] [6] The rate of subduction on the Philippine Sea Plate is estimated to be around 2–3 cm per year. [7] A transfer zone borders an estimate of 55% of the East Luzon Trough today. [8]
A subduction zone makes up most of the border of Philippine Sea plate and Sunda plate, the fault being partially responsible for the uplift of the Philippines. The deepest sections of the Philippine Sea plate cause earthquakes as deep as 675 kilometres (419 mi) below the surface. [8]
The subduction zones that surround most of the archipelago are the source of many of the larger earthquakes that strike the Philippines. This includes both faulting along the plate interfaces and within the subducting slabs. For the Philippine Trench, examples of those on the plate interface are the 1988 M w 7.3 and the 2023 M7.6 events.
Obduction zones occurs when the continental plate is pushed under the oceanic plate, but this is unusual as the relative densities of the tectonic plates favours subduction of the oceanic plate. This causes the oceanic plate to buckle and usually results in a new mid-ocean ridge forming and turning the obduction into subduction. [citation needed]