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  2. Fish scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_scale

    Placoid scales as viewed through an electron microscope. Also called dermal denticles, these are structurally homologous with vertebrate teeth. Placoid (pointed, tooth-shaped) scales are found in the cartilaginous fishes : sharks , rays .

  3. Chondrichthyes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondrichthyes

    Apart from electric rays, which have a thick and flabby body, with soft, loose skin, chondrichthyans have tough skin covered with dermal teeth (again, Holocephali is an exception, as the teeth are lost in adults, only kept on the clasping organ seen on the caudal ventral surface of the male), also called placoid scales (or dermal denticles ...

  4. Cosmine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmine

    Cosmine was first described in the Osteolepiform Megalichthys hibberti by Williamson in 1849, in a purely descriptive, pre-Darwinian, non-evolutionary framework. [4] Goodrich [5] expanded on Williamson's descriptions, hypothesizing a transition from a monoodontode scale (like a chondryicthian placoid scale) to a complex polyodontode scale through fusion of discrete units.

  5. Fish anatomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_anatomy

    Ganoid scales are flat, basal-looking scales. Derived from placoid scales, they have a thick coat of enamel, but without the underlying layer of dentin. These scales cover the fish's body with little overlapping. They are typical of gar and bichirs. Cycloid scales are small, oval-shaped scales with growth rings like the rings of a tree. They ...

  6. Shark anatomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shark_anatomy

    Placoid Scale. Super Smooth scales (dermal denticles) coat the skin of sharks, rays, and cartilaginous fishes due to the absence of dermal bone. These scales are present in the dermis, which has fibrous connective tissue components, and project through the epidermis, which contains secretory cells and stratified epidermal cells, to the surface.

  7. Scale (zoology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_(zoology)

    Keeled scales of a colubrid snake (banded water snake; Nerodia fasciata). In zoology, a scale (Ancient Greek: λεπίς, romanized: lepís; Latin: squāma) is a small rigid plate that grows out of an animal's skin to provide protection.

  8. Elegestolepis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elegestolepis

    It is only known from fragmentary placoid scales discovered in Russia before 1973. The oldest of these scales have been dated back to the Ludlow epoch (427.4 Ma to 423 Ma), [ 2 ] [ 3 ] making Elegestolepis the oldest known shark. [ 4 ]

  9. Skate (fish) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skate_(fish)

    A large portion of the skate's dorsal body is covered by rough skin made of placoid scales. Placoid scales have a pointed tip that is oriented caudally and are homologous to teeth. Their mouths are located on the underside of the body, with a jaw suspension common to Batoids known as euhyostyly. [11]