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2. CTD (instrument) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CTD_(instrument)

   A CTD instrument is an oceanography sonde (French for probe) used to measure the electrical conductivity, temperature, and pressure of seawater. The pressure is closely related to depth. Conductivity is used to determine salinity. The CTD may be incorporated into an array of Niskin bottles referred to as a carousel or rosette. The sampling ...

3. Seawater - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seawater

   Seawater, or sea water, is water from a sea or ocean. On average, seawater in the world's oceans has a salinity of about 3.5% (35 g/L, 35 ppt, 600 mM). This means that every kilogram (roughly one liter by volume) of seawater has approximately 35 grams (1.2 oz) of dissolved salts (predominantly sodium ( Na +

4. Salinometer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salinometer

   A salinometer. A salinometer is a device designed to measure the salinity, or dissolved salt content, of a solution.. Since the salinity affects both the electrical conductivity and the specific gravity of a solution, a salinometer often consist of an ec meter or hydrometer and some means of converting those readings to a salinity reading.

5. Salinity - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salinity

   Annual mean sea surface salinity for the World Ocean. Data from the World Ocean Atlas 2009. [1] International Association for the Physical Sciences of the Oceans (IAPSO) standard seawater. Salinity (/ s ə ˈ l ɪ n ɪ t i /) is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water, called saline water (see also soil salinity).

6. Coastal hydrogeology - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_hydrogeology

   A: Horizontal seawater intrusion by pumping of water; B: Up-coning below a pumping well; C: Tide-driven and wave-driven seawater circulation in the inter tidal zone; D: Downward seawater intrusion due to flooding [2] Seawater intrusion is a process where seawater intrudes into a freshwater

7. Water injection (oil production) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_injection_(oil...

   Seawater lift pumps deliver 4,000m 3 /hr at 12 barg to the seawater coarse filtration package. After filtration the water is used to cool the cooling medium in the cooling medium plate exchangers. 2322.7 m 3 /hr of seawater now at 6 barg and 20°C is routed to the fine filters and then to the sulphate removal membrane where reverse osmosis is ...