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Mendel worked with seven characteristics of pea plants: plant height, pod shape and color, seed shape and color, and flower position and color. Taking seed color as an example, Mendel showed that when a true-breeding yellow pea and a true-breeding green pea were cross-bred, their offspring always produced yellow seeds.
It is impossible to know for certain, but the identification is possible to a high degree of confidence based on Mendel's description, and the pea varieties grown in central Europe in the 1850s. [5] The table shows that the 7 genes appeared on 5 chromosomes.
Mendel selected for the experiment the following characters of pea plants: Form of the ripe seeds (round or roundish, surface shallow or wrinkled) Colour of the seed–coat (white, gray, or brown, with or without violet spotting) Colour of the seeds and cotyledons (yellow or green) Flower colour (white or violet-red)
In the following case the example of pea plant seed is chosen. The two characteristics being compared are; Shape: round or wrinkled (Round (R) is dominant) Color: yellow or green (Yellow (Y) is dominant) This implies that Rr will be a round seed and Yy will be a yellow seed. Only rr will be a wrinkled seed and yy will be a green seed.
The garden pea was chosen as an experimental organism because many varieties were available that bred true for qualitative traits and their pollination could be manipulated. The seven variable characteristics Mendel investigated in pea plants were. [5] seed texture (round vs wrinkled) seed color (yellow vs green) flower color (white vs purple)
Mendel's work tracked many phenotypic traits of pea plants, such as their height, flower color, and seed characteristics. Mendel showed that the inheritance of these traits follows two particular laws , which were later named after him.
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Seven different phenotypic characteristics were studied and tested in the peas, including seed color, flower color and seed shape. The seven different characteristics which Mendel selected / checked for the experiment were as follows: He checked the different shape of the ripen seeds; The color of the seed's albumen was checked
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