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Rubble masonry or rubble stone is rough, uneven building stone not laid in regular courses. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It may fill the core of a wall which is faced with unit masonry such as brick or ashlar . Some medieval cathedral walls have outer shells of ashlar with an inner backfill of mortarless rubble and dirt.
Coursed masonry construction arranges units in regular courses. Oppositely, coursed rubble masonry construction uses random uncut units, infilled with mortar or smaller stones. [1] If a course is the horizontal arrangement, then a wythe is a continuous vertical section of masonry [2] one unit in thickness. A wythe may be independent of, or ...
Originally, and in later poorly constructed walls, the rubble was not consolidated. Later, mortar and cement were used to consolidate the core rubble and produce sturdier construction. Modern masonry still uses core and veneer walls; however, the core is now generally concrete block instead of rubble, and moisture barriers are included. [2]
Dry ashlar masonry laid in parallel courses on an Inca wall at Machu Picchu Ashlar masonry north gable of Banbury Town Hall, Oxfordshire Ashlar polygonal masonry in Cuzco, Peru Quarry-faced red Longmeadow sandstone in random ashlar was specified by architect Henry Hobson Richardson for the North Congregational Church (Springfield, Massachusetts, 1871).
Rubble-work on Wyggeston's Chantry House in Leicester, built c. 1511 "Rubble-work" is a name applied to several types of masonry. [1] One kind, where the stones are loosely thrown together in a wall between boards and grouted with mortar almost like concrete, is called in Italian "muraglia di getto" and in French "bocage". [1]
Rubble masonry. Use of rubble in masonry: antonymous to ashlar masonry. Can be infill in an ashlar wall, used in cyclopean concrete, and other contexts. [4] The term is antonymous to "ashlar". Dry stone. Stone walls built without mortar, using the shape of the stones, compression, and friction for stability. [4]
Walls of roughly squared random rubble Silurian masonry over a raised base course. Yellow brick trimming to roof verges, quoins (stepped), window/ door heads (of flat segmental profile) and jambs (also stepped), and on projecting eaves and chamfered top to base.
The dormitory building, completed in 1913, was built with random rubble masonry, providing a feel of architectural ruggedness, and was topped with a large gable roof that had two dormers on either side. The kitchen building, completed in 1912, is also made of random rubble masonry, but used smaller stones and appears less striking in its design.
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