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On 12 July 1960 France agreed to Congo becoming fully independent. [9] On 15 August 1960, the Republic of the Congo became an independent country and Fulbert Youlou became its first President. In November that year, Youlou released Opangault, Ngot and other adversaries, as part of an amnesty.
The privileging of Belgian commercial interests meant that large amounts of capital flowed into the Congo and that individual regions became specialized. The interests of the government and private enterprise became closely tied; the state helped companies break strikes and remove other barriers imposed by the indigenous population. [8]
The Belgian Congo (French: Congo belge, pronounced [kɔ̃ɡo bɛlʒ]; Dutch: Belgisch-Congo) [a] was a Belgian colony in Central Africa from 1908 until independence in 1960 and became the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville). The former colony adopted its present name, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), in 1964.
The Congo Crisis (French: Crise congolaise) was a period of political upheaval and conflict between 1960 and 1965 in the Republic of the Congo (today the Democratic Republic of the Congo). [ c ] The crisis began almost immediately after the Congo became independent from Belgium and ended, unofficially, with the entire country under the rule of ...
Elections took place in April 1959. By the time the Congo became independent in August 1960, Opangault, the former opponent of Youlou, agreed to serve under him. Youlou, an avid anti-communist, became the first President of the Republic of the Congo. [29] Since the political tension was so high in Pointe-Noire, Youlou moved the capital to ...
The Congo Free State, also known as the Independent State of the Congo (French: État indépendant du Congo), was a large state and absolute monarchy in Central Africa from 1885 to 1908. It was privately owned by King Leopold II , the constitutional monarch of the Kingdom of Belgium .
In 1908, Leopold ceded the territory after international pressure in response to widespread atrocities, and it became a Belgian colony. Congo achieved independence from Belgium in 1960 and was immediately confronted by a series of secessionist movements, the assassination of Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba, and the seizure of power by Mobutu ...
Patrice Émery Lumumba [e] (/ p ə ˈ t r iː s l ʊ ˈ m ʊ m b ə / ⓘ pə-TREESS luu-MUUM-bə; [3] born Isaïe Tasumbu Tawosa; [4] 2 July 1925 – 17 January 1961) was a Congolese politician and independence leader who served as the first prime minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (then known as the Republic of the Congo) from June until September 1960, following the May 1960 ...