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Schematic cross section of a pressurized caisson. In geotechnical engineering, a caisson (/ ˈ k eɪ s ən,-s ɒ n /; borrowed from French caisson 'box', from Italian cassone 'large box', an augmentative of cassa) is a watertight retaining structure [1] used, for example, to work on the foundations of a bridge pier, for the construction of a concrete dam, [2] or for the repair of ships.
The caisson (or caisoon) was thought to be one solution, although it transpired that the technology of the day was not capable of achieving this type of construction economically. It was designed primarily as a water-saving measure, and also was an attempt to minimise construction costs compared with other engineering solutions of the time.
"there are many more types in caisson construction, amongst which the floating method is mostly used for shallow waters, The various parts of caisson, or full monolithic cassion is casted at land, and floated on barges, and then sunkun to the place, the ground on which the caisson is to be placed i s neatly dredged, and surface is made levelled ...
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In the aftermath of the 1953 storm disaster, the closure of numerous breaches with caissons was contemplated. Given the uncertainty surrounding the final sizes of the gaps and the time-consuming nature of caisson construction, a decision was made shortly after February 1, 1953, to pre-fabricate a considerable quantity of relatively small caissons.
The construction stage begins with a pre-construction meeting brought together by the superintendent (on an American project). The pre-construction meeting is meant to make decisions dealing with work hours, material storage, quality control, and site access. The next step is to move everything onto the construction site and set it all up. [4]
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A suction caisson can effectively be described as an inverted bucket that is embedded in the marine sediment.Attachment to the sea bed is achieved either through pushing or by creating a negative pressure inside the caisson skirt by pumping water out of the caisson; both of these techniques have the effect of securing the caisson into the sea bed.