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Common factors theory, a theory guiding some research in clinical psychology and counseling psychology, proposes that different approaches and evidence-based practices in psychotherapy and counseling share common factors that account for much of the effectiveness of a psychological treatment. [1]
Behavioral therapy approaches relied on principles of operant conditioning, classical conditioning and social learning theory to bring about therapeutic change in observable symptoms. The approach became commonly used for phobias, as well as other disorders. [57] Some therapeutic approaches developed out of the European school of existential ...
In Integrative and Eclectic Counselling and Psychotherapy, [27] the authors make clear the distinction between integrative and eclectic psychotherapy approaches: "Integration suggests that the elements are part of one combined approach to theory and practice, as opposed to eclecticism which draws ad hoc from several approaches in the approach ...
This list contains some approaches that may not call themselves a psychotherapy but have a similar aim of improving mental health and well-being through talk and other means of communication. In the 20th century, a great number of psychotherapies were created.
Psychoanalysis [i] is a therapeutic method and field of research developed by Sigmund Freud.Founded in the early 1890s, initially in co-operation with Josef Breuer and others' clinical research, [1] he continued to refine and develop theory and practice of psychoanalysis until his death in 1939.
Psychodynamic psychotherapy is an evidence-based therapy. [26] Later meta-analyses showed psychoanalysis and psychodynamic therapy to be effective, with outcomes comparable or greater than other kinds of psychotherapy or antidepressant drugs, [26] [27] [28] but these arguments have also been subjected to various criticisms.
Multimodal therapy (MMT) is an approach to psychotherapy devised by psychologist Arnold Lazarus, who originated the term behavior therapy in psychotherapy. It is based on the idea that humans are biological beings that think, feel, act, sense, imagine, and interact—and that psychological treatment should address each of these modalities .
Positive psychotherapy (PPT) is a therapeutic approach developed by Nossrat Peseschkian during the 1970s and 1980s. [2] [3] [4] Initially known as "differentiational analysis", it was later renamed as positive psychotherapy when Peseschkian published his work in 1977, which was subsequently translated into English in 1987.