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Carl Jung developed the theory of cognitive processes in his book Psychological Types, in which he defined only four psychological functions, which can take introverted or extraverted attitudes, as well as a judging (rational) or perceiving (irrational) attitude determined by the primary function (judging if thinking or feeling, and perceiving ...
Psychological Types (German: Psychologische Typen) is a book by Carl Jung that was originally published in German by Rascher Verlag in 1921, [1] and translated into English in 1923, becoming volume 6 of The Collected Works of C. G. Jung.
In September 1909, Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung used the term introverted in a lecture at Clark University. [5] A transcript of this lecture was then published with two others in a journal in 1910, [6] the first time the term appeared in print. In the lecture he mentions that love that is "introverted", "is turned inward into the subject and ...
Jung proposed the existence of two dichotomous pairs of cognitive functions: The "rational" (judging) functions: thinking and feeling; The "irrational" (perceiving) functions: sensation and intuition; Jung went on to suggest that these functions are expressed in either an introverted or extraverted form. [18]: 17
Jung self-debates the extra- and introverted nature of the sensing/intuition bipole, but agrees that intuition is important, along with empathy, for understanding others (p. 473). Thinking and feeling are even easier to explain; thinking is the domain of the introvert.
Jung saw both theories as valuable but limited in scope. As such, he used them at appropriate times. His attempt to reconcile his appreciation of each theory compelled Jung to investigate and incorporate psychological types into his theory. Jung considered Freud's "Eros" theory extroverted and Adler's power theory introverted.
Carl Jung describes four psychological functions that are capable of becoming applicable psychically, but to differing degrees in individuals: [85] Sensation – all perceptions by means of the sense organs; Intuition – perception by way of the unconscious, or perception of unconscious events
In Carl Jung's theory of the ego, described in 1916 in Psychological Types, intuition is an "irrational function", opposed most directly by sensation, and opposed less strongly by the "rational functions" of thinking and feeling. Jung defined intuition as "perception via the unconscious": using sense-perception only as a starting point, to ...