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In 2008, fewer than seventeen per cent of the Freedom Party's voters questioned the existence of a unique Austrian national identity. [64] German nationalists, including Andreas Mölzer [65] and Martin Graf, [66] [67] now refer to themselves as "cultural Germans" (Kulturdeutsche), and stress the importance of their identity as ethnic Germans ...
Austrian nationalism (Austrian German: Österreichischer Nationalismus) is the nationalism that asserts that Austrians are a nation and promotes the cultural unity of Austrians. [1] Austrian nationalism originally developed as a cultural nationalism that emphasized a Catholic religious identity.
The Austrian National Socialists linked to Hitler (Nazis) got only 779 votes in the 1927 General Election. The strongest grouping besides the Social Democrats was the Unity Coalition led by the Christian Social Party but including German Nationalists and the groups of Riehl and Schulz.
Austrian Nazism or Austrian National Socialism was a pan-German movement that was formed at the beginning of the 20th century. The movement took a concrete form on 15 November 1903 when the German Worker's Party (DAP) was established in Austria with its secretariat stationed in the town of Aussig (now Ústí nad Labem in the Czech Republic).
The origins of the rise of Bavarian nationalism as a strong political movement were in the Austro-Prussian War and its aftermath. [6] Bavaria was politically and culturally closer to Catholic Austria than Protestant Prussia, and the Bavarians shared with the Austrians a common contempt towards the Prussians, which led Bavaria to ally with Austria in the war. [6]
After World War I and the dissolution of Austria-Hungary, the German nationalist and "German-Liberal" camp, which was fragmented into many splinter parties and factions, formed the largest group in the Provisional National Assembly of German Austria with 102 representatives, ahead of the Socialists and the Catholic Christian Socials.
The Heimwehr (German: [ˈhaɪmˌveːɐ̯], lit. ' Home Guard ') or Heimatschutz (German: [ˈhaɪmatˌʃʊts], lit. ' Homeland Protection ') [6] was a nationalist, initially paramilitary group that operated in the First Austrian Republic from 1920 to 1936. It was similar in methods, organization, and ideology to the Freikorps in Germany.
The idea of grouping all Germans into one nation-state gave way to a rapid rise of German nationalism within the German Confederation, especially in the two most powerful German states, Austria and Prussia. The question of how a unified Germany was to be formed was a matter of debate.