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In Europe, types 16 and 18 are responsible for over 70% of cervical cancers. [198] Overall rates of HPV-associated invasive cancers may be increasing. Between 1994 and 2014, there was a 2% increase in the rate of HPV-associated invasive cancers per year for both sexes in Ireland. [197]
A study with 9vHPV, a 9-valent HPV vaccine that protects against HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58, came to the result that the rate of high-grade cervical, vulvar, or vaginal disease was the same as when using a quadrivalent HPV vaccine. [57]
[22]: 668 The vaccines are between 92% and 100% effective against HPV 16 and 18 up to at least 8 years. [50] HPV vaccines are typically given to age 9 to 26, as the vaccine is most effective if given before infection occurs. The primary target group in most of the countries recommending HPV vaccination is young adolescent girls, aged 9-14. [16]
According to the CDC, during an analysis of reported data from national cancer and epidemiological registries between 2008 and 2012, of 30,700 cases of cancer estimated to be caused by HPV, 24,600 (9500 oropharyngeal) were found to be caused by strains HPV 16 and HPV 18 (which are preventable through vaccination) and 3,800 (900 oropharyngeal ...
For the first time in 10 years, the rate of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination initiation did not increase among teenagers, according to new data from the Centers for Disease Control and ...
According to the CDC, as of 2012, use of the HPV vaccine had cut rates of infection with HPV-6, -11, -16 and -18 in half in American teenagers (from 11.5% to 4.3%) and by one third in American women in their early twenties (from 18.5% to 12.1%). [86]
HPV-OPC decreased with decreasing smoking rates from 1988 to 2004, while HPV+OPC increased by almost 7.5% per year from about 16% of all cases of OPC in the early 1980s to almost 70% in 2004. [ 225 ] [ 242 ] The decline in smoking may be linked to the decreasing proportion of HPV negative cancers, while changes in sexual activity may be ...
Cervarix is designed to prevent infection from HPV types 16 and 18, that cause about 70% of cervical cancer cases. [6] These types also cause most HPV-induced genital and head and neck cancers. Additionally, some cross-reactive protection against virus strains 45 and 31 were shown in clinical trials. [ 7 ]