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Yiddish, [a] historically Judeo-German, [11] [b] is a West Germanic language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews.It originated in 9th-century [12]: 2 Central Europe, and provided the nascent Ashkenazi community with a vernacular based on High German fused with many elements taken from Hebrew (notably Mishnaic) and to some extent Aramaic.
However, for the most part, modern Ashkenazi Jews originated with Jews who migrated or were forcibly taken from the Middle East to southern Europe in antiquity, where they established Jewish communities before moving into northern France and lower Germany during the High and Late Middle Ages. They also descend to a lesser degree from Jewish ...
They traditionally speak Yiddish, [8] a language that originated in the 9th century, [9] and largely migrated towards northern and eastern Europe during the late Middle Ages due to persecution. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] Hebrew was primarily used as a literary and sacred language until its 20th-century revival as a common language in Israel.
During the 19th century Galicia and its main city, Lviv (Lemberg in Yiddish), became a center of Yiddish literature. Lviv was the home of the world's first Yiddish-language daily newspaper, the Lemberger Togblat. [4] Towards the end of World War I, Galicia became a battleground of the Polish-Ukrainian War, which erupted in November 1918. [5]
Yiddish dialects are generally grouped into either Western Yiddish and Eastern Yiddish. [1] [2] Western Yiddish developed from the 9th century in Western-Central Europe, in the region which was called Ashkenaz by Jews, while Eastern Yiddish developed its distinctive features in Eastern Europe after the movement of large numbers of Jews from ...
For example in his diary entry of September 18, 1941, published in 1970 as part of The Wartime Journals of Charles A. Lindbergh, he wrote [26] [John T.] Flynn says he does not question the truth of what I said at Des Moines, [27] but feels it was inadvisable to mention the Jewish problem. It is difficult for me to understand Flynn's attitude.
Ashkenaz is shown in Phrygia in this 1854 map of "The World as known to the Hebrews" (Lyman Coleman, Historical Textbook and Atlas of Biblical Geography) Ashkenaz (Hebrew: אַשְׁכְּנָז ʾAškənāz) in the Hebrew Bible is one of the descendants of Noah. Ashkenaz is the first son of Gomer, and a Japhetic patriarch in the Table of ...
The density of the Jewish settlement in the Russian Empire in 1905 The Hebrew text in this map says the thick red line is the main boundary between eastern (yellow) and western (green) Yiddish dialects, the dash red lines are secondary boundaries between local dialects, and the dotted red lines are modern state borders.