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The other two sides are called the legs (or the lateral sides) if they are not parallel; otherwise, the trapezoid is a parallelogram, and there are two pairs of bases. A scalene trapezoid is a trapezoid with no sides of equal measure, [ 3 ] in contrast with the special cases below.
The base pairs form a parallelogram with half the area of the quadrilateral, A q, as the sum of the areas of the four large triangles, A l is 2 A q (each of the two pairs reconstructs the quadrilateral) while that of the small triangles, A s is a quarter of A l (half linear dimensions yields quarter area), and the area of the parallelogram is A ...
Any non-self-crossing quadrilateral with exactly one axis of symmetry must be either an isosceles trapezoid or a kite. [5] However, if crossings are allowed, the set of symmetric quadrilaterals must be expanded to include also the crossed isosceles trapezoids, crossed quadrilaterals in which the crossed sides are of equal length and the other sides are parallel, and the antiparallelograms ...
Parallelogram (Parallel Motion [Note 2]) and Antiparallelogram (Contraparallelogram, Inverse Parallelogram, Butterfly, Bow-tie) linkages; Deltoid (Galloway) and Trapezium (Arglin) linkages; Three revolute joints: It is denoted as RRRP, PRRR, RPRR, or RRPR, constructed from four links connected by three revolute joints and one prismatic joint.
A rectangle is a special case of a parallelogram in which each pair of adjacent sides is perpendicular. A parallelogram is a special case of a trapezium (known as a trapezoid in North America) in which both pairs of opposite sides are parallel and equal in length. A trapezium is a convex quadrilateral which has at least one pair of parallel ...
The area of the Varignon parallelogram equals half the area of the original quadrilateral. This is true in convex, concave and crossed quadrilaterals provided the area of the latter is defined to be the difference of the areas of the two triangles it is composed of. [32]
Vectors involved in the parallelogram law. In a normed space, the statement of the parallelogram law is an equation relating norms: ‖ ‖ + ‖ ‖ = ‖ + ‖ + ‖ ‖,.. The parallelogram law is equivalent to the seemingly weaker statement: ‖ ‖ + ‖ ‖ ‖ + ‖ + ‖ ‖, because the reverse inequality can be obtained from it by substituting (+) for , and () for , and then simplifying.
Any square, rectangle, isosceles trapezoid, or antiparallelogram is cyclic. A kite is cyclic if and only if it has two right angles – a right kite.A bicentric quadrilateral is a cyclic quadrilateral that is also tangential and an ex-bicentric quadrilateral is a cyclic quadrilateral that is also ex-tangential.