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Dronedarone has been termed a "multichannel blocker". [citation needed] However, it is unclear which channel(s) play a pivotal role in its success. [9]Thus, dronedarone's actions at the cellular level are controversial, with most studies suggesting an inhibition in multiple outward potassium currents including rapid delayed rectifier, slow delayed rectifier and ACh-activated inward rectifier. [10]
In 1972, when it was one of the only alternatives to quinidine, it was praised for being more potent and somewhat less toxic. [6] However, a 2012 review of antiarrhythmic drugs noted that disopyramide is among the most toxic agents, with a high burden of side effects and increased mortality (compared to placebo) when used to treat atrial ...
There is a close line between the plasma concentrations of the therapeutic and toxic effect, therefore a high risk for toxicity. [12] Many symptoms resemble systemic lupus erythematosus because procainamide reactivates hydroxylamine and nitroso metabolites, which bind to histone proteins and are toxic to lymphocytes .
Apixaban is recommended by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in people with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and at least one of the following risk factors: prior stroke or transient ischemic attack, age 75 years or older, diabetes, or symptomatic heart failure.
Dabigatran is used to prevent strokes in those with atrial fibrillation not caused by heart valve issues, as well as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in persons who have been treated for 5–10 days with parenteral anticoagulant (usually low molecular weight heparin), and to prevent deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in some circumstances.
New research suggests that atrial fibrillation (AFib), may affect thrice as many people as doctors had previously thought, with a rising number of cases in younger people. Is AFib on the rise, and ...
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