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In computer networking, localhost is a hostname that refers to the current computer used to access it. The name localhost is reserved for loopback purposes. [ 1 ] It is used to access the network services that are running on the host via the loopback network interface.
The name localhost is a commonly defined hostname for the loopback interface in most TCP/IP systems, resolving to the IP addresses 127.0.0.1 in IPv4 and ::1 for IPv6.As a top-level domain, the name has traditionally been defined statically in host DNS implementations with address records (A and AAAA) pointing to the same loopback addresses.
The character sequence of two slash characters (//) after the string file: denotes that either a hostname or the literal term localhost follows, [3] although this part may be omitted entirely, or may contain an empty hostname. [4] The single slash between host and path denotes the start of the local-path part of the URI and must be present. [5]
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RFC 6762 was authored by Apple Inc. employees Stuart Cheshire and Marc Krochmal, and Apple's Bonjour zeroconf networking software implements mDNS. [3] That service will automatically resolve the private IP addresses of link-local Macintosh computers running macOS and mobile devices running iOS if .local is appended to their hostnames.
Special address blocks Address block (CIDR) First address Last address Number of addresses Usage Purpose ::/128 :: :: 1 Software Unspecified address
The hosts file is one of several system facilities that assists in addressing network nodes in a computer network. It is a common part of an operating system's Internet Protocol (IP) implementation, and serves the function of translating human-friendly hostnames into numeric protocol addresses, called IP addresses, that identify and locate a host in an IP network.