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A nerve conduction study (NCS) is a medical diagnostic test commonly used to evaluate the function, especially the ability of electrical conduction, of the motor and sensory nerves of the human body.
Saltatory conduction. In neuroscience, nerve conduction velocity (CV) is the speed at which an electrochemical impulse propagates down a neural pathway.Conduction velocities are affected by a wide array of factors, which include age, sex, and various medical conditions.
In neuroscience, saltatory conduction (from Latin saltus ' leap, jump ') is the propagation of action potentials along myelinated axons from one node of Ranvier to the next, increasing the conduction velocity of action potentials.
Nerve conduction in myelinated axons is referred to as saltatory conduction (from Latin saltus ' leap, jump ') due to the manner in which the action potential seems to "jump" from one node to the next along the axon. This results in faster conduction of the action potential.
As an action potential (nerve impulse) travels down an axon, there is a change in electric polarity across the membrane of the axon. In response to a signal from another neuron, sodium- (Na +) and potassium- (K +)–gated ion channels open and close as the membrane reaches its threshold potential.
F-waves are the second of two late voltage changes observed after stimulation is applied to the skin surface above the distal region of a nerve, in addition to the H-reflex (Hoffman's Reflex) which is a muscle reaction in response to electrical stimulation of innervating sensory fibers.
In modern use, ENoG is used to describe study of the facial nerve, while the term nerve conduction study is employed for other nerves. It consists of a brief electrical stimulation of the nerve in one point underneath the skin , and at the same time recording the electrical activity (compound action potentials ) at another point of the nerve's ...
Further mathematical theories of nerve fiber conduction based on cable theory were developed by Cole and Hodgkin (1920s–1930s), Offner et al. (1940), and Rushton (1951). Experimental evidence for the importance of cable theory in modelling the behavior of axons began surfacing in the 1930s from work done by Cole, Curtis, Hodgkin, Sir Bernard ...
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