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  2. Tree (graph theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_(graph_theory)

    When a directed rooted tree has an orientation away from the root, it is called an arborescence [3] or out-tree; [11] when it has an orientation towards the root, it is called an anti-arborescence or in-tree. [11] The tree-order is the partial ordering on the vertices of a tree with u < v if and only if the unique path from the root to v passes ...

  3. Rooted graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooted_graph

    A special case of interest are rooted trees, the trees with a distinguished root vertex. If the directed paths from the root in the rooted digraph are additionally restricted to be unique, then the notion obtained is that of (rooted) arborescence—the directed-graph equivalent of a rooted tree. [7]

  4. Phylogenetic tree - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylogenetic_tree

    A rooted phylogenetic tree (see two graphics at top) is a directed tree with a unique node — the root — corresponding to the (usually imputed) most recent common ancestor of all the entities at the leaves of the tree. The root node does not have a parent node, but serves as the parent of all other nodes in the tree.

  5. Polytree - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytree

    The contour tree of a real-valued function on a vector space is a polytree that describes the level sets of the function. The nodes of the contour tree are the level sets that pass through a critical point of the function and the edges describe contiguous sets of level sets without a critical point. The orientation of an edge is determined by ...

  6. This SC tree with roots as thick as an elephant leg is now a ...

    www.aol.com/news/sc-tree-roots-thick-elephant...

    This South Carolina tree has roots as thick as elephant legs and taller than adult men. It was just named a heritage tree. Here’s what that means.

  7. Tree structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_structure

    A tree structure, tree diagram, or tree model is a way of representing the hierarchical nature of a structure in a graphical form. It is named a "tree structure" because the classic representation resembles a tree , although the chart is generally upside down compared to a biological tree, with the "stem" at the top and the "leaves" at the bottom.

  8. Cypress knee - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypress_knee

    A cypress knee is a distinctive structure forming above the roots of a cypress tree of any of various species of the subfamily Taxodioideae, such as the bald cypress. Their function is unknown, but they are generally seen on trees growing in swamps .

  9. Quadtree - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadtree

    The result is a giant black square which should be represented by a quadtree with just the root node (coloured black), but instead the algorithm produces a full 4-ary tree of depth . To fix this, we perform a bottom-up traversal of the resulting quadtree where we check if the four children nodes have the same colour, in which case we replace ...