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  2. Mydriasis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydriasis

    Mydriasis is the dilation of the pupil, usually having a non-physiological cause, [3] or sometimes a physiological pupillary response. [4] Non-physiological causes of mydriasis include disease , trauma , or the use of certain types of drug .

  3. Pupillary response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupillary_response

    Dilation and constriction of the pupil. Pupillary response is a physiological response that varies the size of the pupil, via the optic and oculomotor cranial nerve.. A constriction response (), [1] is the narrowing of the pupil, which may be caused by scleral buckles or drugs such as opiates/opioids or anti-hypertension medications.

  4. List of adverse effects of chlorpromazine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_adverse_effects_of...

    Mydriasis [Note 9] Atonic colon; Seizure [Note 10] Agitation (restlessness) Stably and for life, alters natural processes in the biological systems of the mitochondria of the nervous system. [6] [7] Inhibits the efficiency of the electron transport chain. [8] [9] Pain at the injection site; Injection site abscess

  5. Tropicamide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropicamide

    Tropicamide is an antimuscarinic drug that produces short acting mydriasis (dilation of the pupil) and cycloplegia [7] when applied as eye drops. It is used to allow better examination of the lens, vitreous humor, and retina.

  6. Dilated fundus examination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilated_fundus_examination

    The most common agents used to dilate the pupil are phenylephrine (2.5% in pediatrics or 10% in adults) and tropicamide (0.5% or 1%). While phenylephrine stimulates receptors that contract the dilator muscle of the pupil, [6] tropicamide blocks stimulation of the pupillary sphincter muscle to allow for relaxation. [7]

  7. Atropine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atropine

    Topical atropine is used as a cycloplegic, to temporarily paralyze the accommodation reflex, and as a mydriatic, to dilate the pupils. [15] Atropine degrades slowly, typically wearing off in 7 to 14 days, so it is generally used as a therapeutic mydriatic, whereas tropicamide (a shorter-acting cholinergic antagonist) or phenylephrine (an α-adrenergic agonist) is preferred as an aid to ...

  8. Cavernous sinus thrombosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavernous_sinus_thrombosis

    Cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is the formation of a blood clot within the cavernous sinus, a cavity at the base of the brain which drains deoxygenated blood from the brain back to the heart.

  9. Miosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miosis

    Opioids such as fentanyl, morphine, heroin and methadone (the notable exception being pethidine); Products containing nicotine such as cigarettes, chewing tobacco or gum ...