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Description: Mercator's 1595 map of the Arctic. Mercator, Gerhard, 1512-1594. "Septentrionalium Terrarum descriptio" [1595]. First state, from his posthumously published atlas, Atlantis pars altera.
For example, a Mercator map printed in a book might have an equatorial width of 13.4 cm corresponding to a globe radius of 2.13 cm and an RF of approximately 1 / 300M (M is used as an abbreviation for 1,000,000 in writing an RF) whereas Mercator's original 1569 map has a width of 198 cm corresponding to a globe radius of 31.5 cm and an ...
(Zolotaia baba also may be found on the Mercator map of the North Pole near the right border at mid-height). The italic script used on the map was largely developed by Mercator himself. He was a great advocate of its use, insisting that it was much clearer than any other.
In normal aspect, these map regularly-spaced meridians to equally spaced vertical lines, and parallels to horizontal lines. Pseudocylindrical In normal aspect, these map the central meridian and parallels as straight lines. Other meridians are curves (or possibly straight from pole to equator), regularly spaced along parallels. Conic
Another early example of this system is the world map by ‛Ali b. Ahmad al-Sharafi of Sfax in 1571. [3] The projection appears in many Renaissance maps, and Gerardus Mercator used it for an inset of the north polar regions in sheet 13 and legend 6 of his well-known 1569 map.
Gerardus Mercator's map of the North Pole from 1595 C.G. Zorgdragers map of the North Pole from 1720. As early as the 16th century, many prominent people correctly believed that the North Pole was in a sea, which in the 19th century was called the Polynya or Open Polar Sea. [7]
Detail from Gerardus Mercator's map of the Arctic (c. 1620 edition), showing the Rupes Nigra at the North Pole ('POLVS ARCTICVS'), surrounded by four large islands. The Rupes Nigra ("Black Rock"), a phantom island, was believed to be a black rock located at the Magnetic North Pole or at the geographic North Pole itself.
A sinusoidal projection shows relative sizes accurately, but distorts shapes and directions. Distortion can be reduced by "interrupting" the map. Similar projections which wrap the east and west parts of the sinusoidal projection around the North Pole are the Werner and the intermediate Bonne and Bottomley projections.