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The deep layer of the precursor extensor mass is known to be phylogenetically unstable and is undergoing evolution as high variability is seen in non-human primates. [5] [8] [9] [10] In humans, anomalous or additional muscles can be seen in small portion of population. Anomalous muscles in human extensor compartment are listed as follow:
In anatomy, extension is a movement of a joint that increases the angle between two bones or body surfaces at a joint. Extension usually results in straightening of the bones or body surfaces involved. For example, extension is produced by extending the flexed (bent) elbow. Straightening of the arm would require extension at the elbow joint.
The biceps or biceps brachii (Latin: musculus biceps brachii, "two-headed muscle of the arm") is a large muscle that lies on the front of the upper arm between the shoulder and the elbow. Both heads of the muscle arise on the scapula and join to form a single muscle belly which is attached to the upper forearm.
deep artery of arm: radial nerve: extends forearm, adducts shoulder (long head). medial head does not function at shoulder. biceps brachii, brachialis: 2 1 articularis cubiti: Upper Limb, Arm, Posterior compartment, right/left deep distal surface of medial head of triceps: posterior capsule of elbow joint: deep artery of arm: radial nerve
The anterior compartment of the arm is also known as the flexor compartment of the arm as its main action is that of flexion. The anterior compartment is one of the two anatomic compartments of the upper arm, the other being the posterior compartment. The compartment contains three muscles; the biceps brachii, the brachialis and the ...
These three muscles act as flexors at the elbow joint. [5] The extensor carpi radialis brevis and longus are both weak flexors at the elbow joint. Brevis moves the arm from ulnar abduction to its mid-position and flexes dorsally. Longus is a weak pronator in the flexed arm and a supinator in the outstretched arm.
The brachioradialis flexes the forearm at the elbow, especially when quick movement is required and when a weight is lifted during slow flexion of the forearm. The muscle is used to stabilize the elbow during rapid flexion and extension while in a midposition, such as in hammering.
In contrast to the biceps brachii, it is able to do this in all positions of elbow flexion and extension. [1] Supinator always acts together with biceps, except when the elbow joint is extended. [7] It is the most active muscle in forearm supination during unresisted supination, while biceps becomes increasingly active with heavy loading. [8]