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  2. Endoplasmic-reticulum-associated protein degradation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic-reticulum...

    HIV uses an efficient mechanism to dislocate a single-membrane-spanning host protein, CD4, from the ER and submits it to ERAD. The Vpu protein of HIV-1 is a protein on the ER membrane and targets newly made CD4 in the endoplasmic reticulum for degradation by cytosolic proteasomes. [3] Vpu only utilizes part of the ERAD process to degrade CD4.

  3. Endoplasmic reticulum resident protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulum...

    ER retention refers to proteins that are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum, or ER, after folding; these are known as ER resident proteins. Protein localization to the ER often depends on certain sequences of amino acids located at the N terminus or C terminus. These sequences are known as signal peptides, molecular signatures, or sorting ...

  4. Endoplasmic reticulum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulum

    The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a part of a transportation system of the eukaryotic cell, and has many other important functions such as protein folding. It is a type of organelle made up of two subunits – rough endoplasmic reticulum ( RER ), and smooth endoplasmic reticulum ( SER ).

  5. Unfolded protein response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unfolded_protein_response

    The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular stress response related to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. [1] It has been found to be conserved between mammalian species, [2] as well as yeast [1] [3] and worm organisms. The UPR is activated in response to an accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the lumen of the

  6. Membrane contact site - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_contact_site

    PM-ER contact sites have a well known role in the control of calcium dynamics. The major intracellular pool of calcium is the ER and its release may be triggered by different stimuli. In excitable cells the coupling between PM depolarization and the release from the intracellular pools is essential to generate the Ca 2+ signalling.

  7. The 3 Most Overpriced Cities in America, According to Gen Z ...

    www.aol.com/3-most-overpriced-cities-america...

    Affordability is becoming a growing challenge for younger generations. Although they're often drawn to vibrant cities for their career opportunities and lifestyle perks, high housing costs make ...

  8. Biological illustration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_illustration

    Biological illustrations can be found in use in history and anatomy textbooks, nature guides, natural history museums, scientific magazines and journals, botanical gardens, zoos and aquariums, surgical training manuals, and many more applications. Biological illustration can be pursued as a degree in the undergraduate, graduate, and technical ...

  9. ER diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/?title=ER_diagram&redirect=no

    This page was last edited on 23 May 2012, at 03:06 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply ...