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The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (Arabic: مملكة الحجاز ونجد, Mamlakat al-Ḥijāz wa-Najd), initially the Kingdom of Hejaz and Sultanate of Nejd (Arabic: مملكة الحجاز وسلطنة نجد, Mamlakat al-Ḥijāz wa-Salṭanat Najd), was a dual monarchy ruled by Abdulaziz following the victory of the Saudi Sultanate of Nejd over the Hashemite Kingdom of the Hejaz in 1925.
Sultan: Jalal ad-Dawla wa'd-Din: Malik Shah I Abu'l-Fath Hasan 1055 Son of Alp Arslan: 1072–1092 1092 Killed by Assassins: Sultan: Nasir ad-Dawla wa'd-Din: Abu'l-Qasim Mahmud I: 1086 Son of Malik Shah I: 1092–1094 1094 Reigned until his death, Child ruler Sultan: Rukn ad-Dunya wa'd-Din: Abu'l-Muzaffar Barkiyaruq: 1080 Son of Malik Shah I ...
Map of the Middle East between North Africa, Southern Europe, Central Asia, and Southern Asia Middle East map of Köppen climate classification. The Middle East (term originally coined in English language) [note 1] is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq.
The Ayyubid dynasty (Arabic: الأيوبيون, romanized: al-Ayyūbīyūn; Kurdish: ئەیووبییەکان, romanized: Eyûbiyan), also known as the Ayyubid Sultanate, was the founding dynasty of the medieval Sultanate of Egypt established by Saladin in 1171, following his abolition of the Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt.
Acquired the control of Eastern Anatolia as co-Sultan after the Battle of Ankara. Defeated İsa Çelebi in the battle of Ulubat in 1405. Became the sole ruler of Anatolia upon İsa's death in 1406. Acquired the title of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed I Khan upon Musa's death. Sultanate resumed 5 Mehmed I: 5 July 1413 – 26 May 1421 (7 years, 325 days)
The Sultanate of Dahlak was a small medieval kingdom covering the Dahlak Archipelago and parts of the Eritrean coast. First attested in 1093, it quickly profited from its strategic trading location, gaining heavily from being near to Yemen as well as Egypt and India .
The Sultan of the Sultanate of Oman (Arabic: سلطان سلطنة عمان) is the monarchical head of state and head of government of Oman. It is the most powerful position in the country. The sultans of Oman are members of the Busaid dynasty, which has been the ruling family of Oman since the mid-18th century.
When Sultan Mansur Shah ascended the throne, acting on Tun Perak's advice, he agreed to dispatch a peace envoy to Siam. Tun Perak also advised the Sultan to marry the daughter of the King of Majapahit, Malacca's traditional enemy. [4] Next to the Bendahara was a state treasurer, called the Penghulu bendahari.