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  2. Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maneka_Gandhi_v._Union_of...

    Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India, AIR 1978 SC 597, was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of India in which the Court significantly expanded the interpretation of Article 21 of the Constitution of India. It overruled A. K. Gopalan v.

  3. Puttaswamy v. Union of India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puttaswamy_v._Union_of_India

    Specifically, the court adopted the three-pronged test required for any encroachment of Article 21 right: legality, or the existence of a certain law; necessity, in terms of a legitimate state objective; and proportionality, which requires a rational connection between an object and the means required to get that object.

  4. ADM Jabalpur v. Shivkant Shukla - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADM_Jabalpur_v._Shivkant...

    ADM Jabalpur v. Shivkant Shukla was a landmark judgement of the Supreme Court of India pertaining to the suspension of Articles 21 and 226 of the Indian Constitution in the event of a National Emergency.

  5. List of landmark court decisions in India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_landmark_court...

    Name of the case Year Judgement Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India [22] 1978 A 'procedure' under Article 21 of the Constitution cannot be arbitrary, unfair, oppressive, or unreasonable. A law depriving a person of 'personal liberty' must not violate any of the Articles 14, 19, and 21 of the Constitution. This judgement thus overruled A. K. Gopalan v.

  6. List of landmark court decisions in the United States

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_landmark_court...

    This case featured the first example of judicial review by the Supreme Court. Ware v. Hylton, 3 U.S. 199 (1796) A section of the Treaty of Paris supersedes an otherwise valid Virginia statute under the Supremacy Clause. This case featured the first example of judicial nullification of a state law. Fletcher v.

  7. Lists of landmark court decisions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_landmark_court...

    Heydon's Case 76 ER 637 (1584) (Exchequer of Pleas): The first case to use what would come to be called the mischief rule for statutory interpretation. Darcy v Allein [1603] 77 Eng. Rep. 1260 (King's Bench): (most widely known as The Case of Monopolies): establishing that it was improper for any individual to be allowed to have a monopoly over ...

  8. List of United States Supreme Court cases involving standing

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States...

    This was a landmark case, prior to this, private citizens were permitted to litigate public rights. 9–0 Frothingham v. Mellon: 1923: Held that the generalized injury of higher taxation overall was insufficient to give a taxpayer standing to challenge federal spending. Considered the genesis of the doctrine of standing. [2] 9–0 Poe v. Ullman ...

  9. Supriyo v. Union of India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supriyo_v._Union_of_India

    Supriyo a.k.a Supriya Chakraborty & Abhay Dang v. Union of India thr. Its Secretary, Ministry of Law and Justice & other connected cases (2023) are a collection of landmark cases of the Supreme Court of India, which were filed to consider whether to extend right to marry and establish a family to sexual and gender minority individuals in India. [4]