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  2. Counter-Reformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-Reformation

    The Counter Reformation (1979) expresses the older view that it was a movement of reactionary conservatism. Harline, Craig. "Official Religion: Popular Religion in Recent Historiography of the Catholic Reformation", Archiv für Reformationsgeschichte (1990), Vol. 81, pp 239–262.

  3. Art in the Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_in_the_Protestant...

    The Protestant Reformation was a religious movement that occurred in Western Europe during the 16th century that resulted in a divide in Christianity between Roman Catholics and Protestants. This movement "created a North-South split in Europe, where generally Northern countries became Protestant, while Southern countries remained Catholic." [3]

  4. List of heresies in the Catholic Church - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heresies_in_the...

    A spiritual movement of the later Middle Ages: Begun by Peter Waldo, a wealthy merchant who decided to give up all his worldly possessions and began to preach on the streets of Lyon in 1177. [41] Condemned by papal bull Ad abolendam: Waldensians endured near annihilation in the 17th century. Descendants of this movement still exist.

  5. Council of Trent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Trent

    To effect a reformation in discipline or administration. This object had been one of the causes calling forth the reformatory councils and had been lightly touched upon by the Fifth Council of the Lateran under Pope Julius II. The obvious corruption in the administration of the Church was one of the numerous causes of the Reformation.

  6. Baroque painting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroque_painting

    Baroque painting is the painting associated with the Baroque cultural movement. The movement is often identified with Absolutism, the Counter Reformation and Catholic Revival, [1] [2] but the existence of important Baroque art and architecture in non-absolutist and Protestant states throughout Western Europe underscores its widespread ...

  7. Anti-Protestantism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Protestantism

    This movement was orchestrated by church and state as the Counter Reformation. There were religious wars and, in some countries though not in others, eruptions of sectarian hatred such as the St Bartholomew's Day Massacre of 1572, part of the French Wars of Religion .

  8. Reformation Papacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reformation_Papacy

    The devotional side of the Counter-Reformation combined two strategies of Catholic Renewal. For one, the emphasis of God as an unknowable absolute ruler - a God to be feared - coincided well with the aggressive absolutism of the papacy under Paul IV. But it also opened up new paths toward popular piety and individual religious experience.

  9. Counter-Reformation in Poland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-Reformation_in_Poland

    The Counter-Reformation in Poland (Polish: Kontrreformacja w Polsce) was the response (Counter-Reformation) of Catholic Church in Poland (more precisely, the Kingdom of Poland until 1568, and thereafter the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) to the spread of Protestantism in Poland (the Protestant Reformation).