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  2. Metaphysics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphysics

    The beginning of Aristotle's Metaphysics, one of the foundational texts of the discipline. Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that examines the basic structure of reality. It is traditionally seen as the study of mind-independent features of the world, but some theorists view it as an inquiry into the fundamental categories of human ...

  3. Outline of metaphysics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_metaphysics

    Appearance and Reality – 1893 book by the English philosopher Francis Herbert Bradley, the main statement of his metaphysics. [10] Being and Nothingness: An Essay on Phenomenological Ontology – 1943 book by philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre. [11] Sartre's main purpose is to assert the individual's existence as prior to the individual's essence.

  4. Philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy

    Metaphysics is the study of the most general features of reality, such as existence, objects and their properties, wholes and their parts, space and time, events, and causation. [120] There are disagreements about the precise definition of the term and its meaning has changed throughout the ages. [ 121 ]

  5. Aristotelianism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotelianism

    It answers why-questions by a scheme of four causes, including purpose or teleology, and emphasizes virtue ethics. Aristotle and his school wrote tractates on physics, biology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theatre, music, rhetoric, psychology, linguistics, economics, politics, and government. Any school of thought that takes ...

  6. Four causes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_causes

    This peculiar, specialized, technical, usage of the word 'cause' is not that of everyday English language. [4] Rather, the translation of Aristotle's αἰτία that is nearest to current ordinary language is "explanation." [5] [2] [4] In Physics II.3 and Metaphysics V.2, Aristotle holds that there are four kinds of answers to "why" questions ...

  7. Category:Concepts in metaphysics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Concepts_in...

    Metaphysics is a branch of philosophy exploring the fundamental questions, including the nature of concepts like being, existence, and reality. Traditional metaphysics seeks to answer, in a "suitably abstract and fully general manner", the questions:

  8. Metaphysics (Aristotle) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphysics_(Aristotle)

    Many of Aristotle's works are extremely compressed, and many scholars believe that in their current form, they are likely lecture notes. [2] Subsequent to the arrangement of Aristotle's works by Andronicus of Rhodes in the first century BC, a number of his treatises were referred to as the writings "after ("meta") the Physics" [b], the origin of the current title for the collection Metaphysics.

  9. Category:Metaphysics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Metaphysics

    Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that examines the fundamental nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and matter, between substance and attribute, and between possibility and actuality.