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The pericardiacophrenic arteries travel through the thoracic cavity. They course through the fibrous pericardium. [2] The pericardiacophrenic artery accompanies the phrenic nerve between the pleura and pericardium, to the diaphragm. [3] This is where both the artery and the phrenic nerve are distributed.
Pericardiacophrenic veins are the venae comitantes of the pericardiacophrenic arteries. Pericardiacophrenic vessels accompany the phrenic nerve in the middle mediastinum of the thorax. The vein drains into the internal thoracic vein, or brachiocephalic vein. [1
The root of the right lung lies behind the superior vena cava and part of the right atrium, and below the azygos vein.That of the left lung passes beneath the aortic arch and in front of the descending aorta; the phrenic nerve, pericardiacophrenic artery and vein, and the anterior pulmonary plexus, lie in front of each, and the vagus nerve and posterior pulmonary plexus lie behind.
On chest X–ray, the heart looks posteriorly rotated. Another feature is the sharp delineation of pulmonary artery and transverse aorta due to lung deposition between these two structures. If there is partial absence of pericardium, there will be bulge of the left atrial appendage. On CT and MRI scans, similar findings as chest X–ray can be ...
Each artery typically arises from either (the inferior portion of [1]) the descending part of the thoracic aorta or the 10th intercostal artery. [2] They are distributed to the posterior part of the superior surface of the diaphragm. They form anastomoses with the musculophrenic arteries, and pericardiacophrenic arteries. [citation needed]
The pericardiacophrenic arteries and veins travel with their respective phrenic nerves. The phrenic nerve can be marked by a line connecting these two points: 1st point can be labelled 3.5 cm at the level of the thyroid cartilage from the midsagittal plane. 2nd point is at the medial end of the clavicle.
The heart is a muscular organ situated in the mediastinum.It consists of four chambers, four valves, two main arteries (the coronary arteries), and the conduction system. The left and right sides of the heart have different functions: the right side receives de-oxygenated blood through the superior and inferior venae cavae and pumps blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery, and the left ...
From above, the diaphragm receives blood from branches of the internal thoracic arteries, namely the pericardiacophrenic artery and musculophrenic artery; from the superior phrenic arteries, which arise directly from the thoracic aorta; and from the lower internal intercostal arteries. From below, the inferior phrenic arteries supply the ...