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Papua New Guinea has been a member of the Forum of Small States (FOSS) since the group's founding in 1992. [73] Papua New Guinea supported Indonesia's control of Western New Guinea, [74] the focus of the Papua conflict where numerous human rights violations have reportedly been committed by the Indonesian security forces. [75] [76] [77]
Papua New Guinea's Western Province averages one person per square kilometer (3 per sq. mi.). The Simbu Province in the New Guinea highlands averages 20 persons per square kilometer (52 persons/sq mi) and has areas containing up to 200 people farming a square kilometer of land. The highlands have 40% of the population.
The prehistory of Papua New Guinea can be traced to about 50,000–60,000 years ago, when people first migrated towards the Australian continent.The written history began when European navigators first sighted New Guinea in the early part of the 17th century.
The Papua New Guinea Defence Force (PNGDF) is the military organisation responsible for the defence of Papua New Guinea. It originated from the Australian Army land forces of the territory of Papua New Guinea before independence, coming into being in January 1973 and having its antecedents in the Pacific Islands Regiment. The PNGDF is a small ...
The indigenous peoples of Western New Guinea in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea, commonly called Papuans, [2] are Melanesians.There is genetic evidence for two major historical lineages in New Guinea and neighboring islands: a first wave from the Malay Archipelago perhaps 50,000 years ago when New Guinea and Australia were a single landmass called Sahul and, much later, a wave of Austronesian ...
Papua New Guinea is accredited to Canada from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States. [62] China: 12 October 1976: See China–Papua New Guinea relations. The Independent State of Papua New Guinea and the People's Republic of China (PRC) established official diplomatic relations in 1976, soon after Papua New Guinea became independent.
The economy of Papua New Guinea (PNG) is largely underdeveloped with the vast majority of the population living below the poverty line. [20] However, according to the Asian Development Bank its GDP is expected to grow 3.4% in 2022 and 4.6% in 2023. [ 21 ]
The unification of Western New Guinea with Papua New Guinea was official Australian government policy for a short period of time in the 1960s, before Indonesia's annexation of the region. [44] Generally, proposals regarding federation with Papua New Guinea are a minority view in the freedom movement.