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Phorbol is a natural product found in many plants, especially those of the Euphorbiaceae and Thymelaeaceae families. [10] [11] Phorbol is the active constituent of the highly toxic New World tropical manchineel or beach apple, Hippomane mancinella. [12]
Manchineel trees are often signposted as dangerous. William Ellis, ship's surgeon for James Cook on his final voyage, wrote: On the fourth, a party of men were sent to cut wood, as the island apparently afforded plenty of that article; amongst other trees they unluckily cut down several of the manchineel, the juice of which getting into their ...
Manzanilla de la muerte (Spanish: "little apple of death"), manchineel in English (Hippomane mancinella), a tree with apple-like but poisonous fruit; Manzanilla olive (Olea europaea), a common variety of Spanish olive cultivar
Manchineel trees aren't all bad, though. They are found on coastal beaches where their roots stabilize the sand and help prevent beach erosion. Have you ever crossed paths with a Manchineel tree?
Physostigmine (also known as eserine from éséré, the West African name for the Calabar bean) is a highly toxic parasympathomimetic alkaloid, specifically, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. It occurs naturally in the Calabar bean and the fruit of the Manchineel tree.
Pithecellobium dulce, commonly known as Manila tamarind, Madras thorn, monkeypod tree or camachile, [4] [5] is a species of flowering plant in the pea family, Fabaceae, that is native to the Pacific Coast and adjacent highlands of Mexico, Central America, and northern South America. [3]
Many plants commonly used as food possess toxic parts, are toxic unless processed, or are toxic at certain stages of their lives. Some only pose a serious threat to certain animals (such as cats, dogs, or livestock) or certain types of people (such as infants, the elderly, or the immunocompromised).
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