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Most spiders possess venom, which is injected into prey (or defensively, when the spider feels threatened) through the fangs of the chelicerae. Male spiders have specialized pedipalps that are used to transfer sperm to the female during mating. Many species of spiders exhibit a great deal of sexual dimorphism. [1]
Spider taxonomy can be traced to the work of Swedish naturalist Carl Alexander Clerck, who in 1757 published the first binomial scientific names of some 67 spiders species in his Svenska Spindlar ("Swedish Spiders"), one year before Linnaeus named over 30 spiders in his Systema Naturae. In the ensuing 250 years, thousands more species have been ...
The order name Araneae derives from Latin aranea [107] borrowing Ancient Greek ἀράχνη arákhnē from ἀράχνης arákhnēs. [108] Spiders are divided into two suborders, Mesothelae and Opisthothelae, of which the latter contains two infraorders, Mygalomorphae and Araneomorphae.
They cooperate in brood rearing, unlike most other spiders except for some spitting spiders, African agelenid spiders in the genus Agelena, Monocentropus balfouri and a few others. [citation needed] Female velvet spiders exhibit a remarkable type of maternal care unique among arachnids. Upon the birth of her brood, the mother spider liquefies ...
Latrodectus mactans, known as southern black widow or simply black widow, and the shoe-button spider, [citation needed] is a venomous species of spider in the genus Latrodectus. The females are well known for their distinctive black and red coloring and for the fact that they will occasionally eat their mates after reproduction.
Fertilization duct: A duct in female entelegyne spiders leading from the spermathecae to the uterus [10] Larinioides cornutus spider showing folium on abdomen. Folium: A broad leaf-like marking along the medial line of the top of the abdomen; Fossa (plural fossae): A pit or depression, typically in the epigyne [12]
The black widow gets its name from a particularly gnarly behavior: Males are often killed and eaten by females shortly after mating. A female can live up to a year or more and produce several egg ...
Female Steatoda grossa eating flies. Steatoda grossa, commonly known as the cupboard spider, the dark comb-footed spider, the brown house spider (in Australia), or the false widow or false black widow (though several other species are known by these names), is a common species of spider in the genus Steatoda.