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Variant angina differs from stable angina in that it commonly occurs in individuals who are at rest or even asleep, whereas stable angina is generally triggered by exertion or intense exercise. Variant angina is caused by vasospasm, a narrowing of the coronary arteries due to contraction of the heart's smooth muscle tissue in the vessel walls. [3]
The primary factor differentiating unstable angina from stable angina (other than symptoms) is the underlying pathophysiology of the atherosclerosis. The pathophysiology of unstable angina is the reduction of coronary blood flow due to transient platelet aggregation on apparently normal endothelium , coronary artery spasms, or coronary thrombosis .
Coronary vasospasm classically produces chest pain at rest, also known as variant angina (vasospastic angina or Prinzmetal's angina). [5] Chest pain is more common at certain times of the day, usually from late night to early morning. [6] These episodes can be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, cold sweating, and even syncope.
Prinzmetal angina, also known as variant angina, referring to angina (chest pain) caused by vasospasm of the coronary arteries. Described twice in the 1930s before being published by Prinzmetal in 1959. [34] [35] [36]
Amlodipine, sold under the brand name Norvasc among others, is a calcium channel blocker medication used to treat high blood pressure, coronary artery disease (CAD) [10] and variant angina (also called Prinzmetal angina or coronary artery vasospasm, among other names). [11] It is taken orally (swallowed by mouth). [10]
Other names: Fallot’s syndrome ... Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia (pseudotruncus arteriosus) is a severe variant [47] ... angina, general weakness and ...
Omicron (BA.1, EG.5, BA.2.86) Omicron was the predominant variant circulating in the U.S. between late 2021 and 2023. It was first identified in late 2021 in Botswana and South Africa and quickly ...
Some studies have found an increased risk of other vasospastic disorders in cardiac microvascular angina patients, such as migraine and Raynaud's phenomenon. Treatment typically involves beta-blockers, such as metoprolol, however beta blockers can make coronary spasms worse. [4] Microvascular angina is a separate condition from variant angina.
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