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In SQL (Structured Query Language), the term cardinality refers to the uniqueness of data values contained in a particular column (attribute) of a database table. The lower the cardinality, the more duplicated elements in a column. Thus, a column with the lowest possible cardinality would have the same value for every row.
In computer science, the count-distinct problem [1] (also known in applied mathematics as the cardinality estimation problem) is the problem of finding the number of distinct elements in a data stream with repeated elements. This is a well-known problem with numerous applications.
Oracle implements hints by using specially-crafted comments in the query that begin with a + symbol, thus not affecting SQL compatibility. [2] EDB Postgres Advanced Server (a proprietary version of PostgreSQL from EnterpriseDB) offers hints compatible with those of Oracle. [3] [4] Microsoft SQL Server offers hints via the OPTION keyword [5]
The HyperLogLog has three main operations: add to add a new element to the set, count to obtain the cardinality of the set and merge to obtain the union of two sets. Some derived operations can be computed using the inclusion–exclusion principle like the cardinality of the intersection or the cardinality of the difference between two HyperLogLogs combining the merge and count operations.
Tabular Data Stream (TDS) is an application layer protocol used to transfer data between a database server and a client. It was initially designed and developed by Sybase Inc. for their Sybase SQL Server relational database engine in 1984, and later by Microsoft in Microsoft SQL Server .
Officials have so far recovered 44 packages, allowing them to be “delivered to their rightful owners.” Lewis was charged with grand theft, illegal dumping and organized scheme to defraud.
Programs calling a database that accords to the SQL standard receive an indication of the success or failure of the call. This return code - which is called SQLSTATE - consists of 5 bytes.
Arizona State has been fined for the chaotic end to its win over BYU on Saturday. The Big 12 said Tuesday that it was fining the school $25,000 and issuing a public reprimand for the field storm ...