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Figure 4 Reinforced concrete shear wall with both horizontal and vertical reinforcement. Concrete shear walls are reinforced with both horizontal and vertical reinforcement (Figure 4). A reinforcement ratio is defined as the ratio of the gross concrete area for a section taken orthogonal to the reinforcement.
The modified compression field theory (MCFT) is a general model for the load-deformation behaviour of two-dimensional cracked reinforced concrete subjected to shear. It models concrete considering concrete stresses in principal directions summed with reinforcing stresses assumed to be only axial.
Reinforced concrete, ... using reinforced concrete for the floors and walls as well as the frames. ... Another problem is the effectiveness of shear reinforcement.
All concrete structures will crack to some extent, due to shrinkage and tension. Concrete which is subjected to long-duration forces is prone to creep. The density of concrete varies, but is around 2,400 kilograms per cubic metre (150 lb/cu ft). [1] Reinforced concrete is the most common form of concrete.
Shear studs are welded on the insides of the columns to transfer vertical forces that are the result of axial load in the columns as well as shear in the wall. The wall system resembles infill masonry in terms of confinement in the steel, yet differs in that it is grouted and reinforced, allowing for a more ductile response.
The effective reinforcement ratio was determined from the maximum arching moment of resistance in a rigidly restrained concrete slab, which Rankin [21] had derived for laterally restrained concrete slabs from McDowell, McKee and Sevin's [22] arching action deformation theory for masonry walls.
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