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Beijing, [a] previously romanized as Peking, [b] is the capital city of China.With more than 22 million residents, [11] it is the world's most populous national capital city as well as China's second largest city after Shanghai. [12]
It was also the capital city of two major dynasties in Southern and Northern dynasties period: Eastern Wei dynasty (534–550), and the Northern Qi dynasty (550–577). Yinchuan was the capital of the Western Xia from 1038 to 1227, when it was called Xingqing (simplified Chinese: 兴庆; traditional Chinese: 興慶; pinyin: Xīngqìng).
The scope of this list is limited to capital cities of first-level administrative divisions such as provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities, and special administrative regions, also including sub-provincial cities which are governed by a province but administered independently in many ways from a province.
The list contains all the cities with the administrative designation of "national central city" (国家中心城市) and "sub-provincial city" (副省级城市) – including five "cities with independent planning status" (计划单列市) and ten large "provincial capital cities" (省会城市), as well as some large "special economic zones" (经济特区城市), "open coastal cities ...
As the capital of the Western Han, it was the political, economic and cultural center of China. It was also the eastern terminus of the Silk Road , and a cosmopolitan metropolis. It was a consumer city, a city whose existence was not primarily predicated upon manufacturing and trade, but rather boasted such a large population because of its ...
According to the administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China, including Hong Kong and Macau, [clarify] there are three levels of cities: provincial-level cities [1] (consisting of municipalities and Special Administrative Regions [failed verification] [clarify] [2]), prefecture-level cities, and county-level cities.
During the first millennia of imperial rule, Beijing was a provincial city in northern China. Its stature grew in the 10th to the 13th centuries when the nomadic Khitan and forest-dwelling Jurchen peoples from beyond the Great Wall expanded southward and made the city a capital of their dynasties, the Liao and Jin.
In China, a national central city (国家中心城市) is a municipality or city with regional, national, and international importance. There are nine national central cities: Beijing , Tianjin , Chongqing , Shanghai , Guangzhou , Chengdu , Wuhan , Xi'an , and Zhengzhou .