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Kava or kava kava (Piper methysticum: Latin 'pepper' and Latinized Greek 'intoxicating') is a plant in the pepper family, native to the Pacific Islands. [1] The name kava is from Tongan and Marquesan, meaning 'bitter.’ [1] Other names for kava include ʻawa (), [2] ʻava (), yaqona or yagona (), [3] sakau (), [4] seka (), [5] and malok or malogu (parts of Vanuatu). [6]
Piper, the pepper plants or pepper vines, is an economically and ecologically important genus in the family Piperaceae. It contains about 1,000–2,000 species of shrubs, herbs, and lianas , many of which are dominant species in their native habitat.
Common name Family Hybridization ... Piper methysticum: Kava: Piperaceae: Allopolyploid origin: Putative: Piper wichmannii and P. gibbiflorum: Polyploid (decaploid ...
Piper methysticum: Piperaceae (Pepper family) Kava: ʻAvaʻavaaitu: Macropiper puberulum: Piperaceae (Pepper family) hairy piper ʻAvaʻavaaitu sosolo: ʻAvaʻavaaitu tu: ʻAvapui: Zingiber zerumbet: Zingiberaceae (Ginger family) Wild ginger, shampoo ginger ʻAvapui tuasivi: Alpinia samoensis: Zingiberaceae: Samoan shell-ginger
It is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine, where it has the name huángqín (Chinese: 黄 芩). [2] As a Chinese traditional medicine, huang qin usually refers to the dried root of S. baicalensis Georgi, S. viscidula Bge., S. amoena C.H. Wright, and S. ikoninkovii Ju.
Syrian Rue (common name Harmal) Pelargonium sidoides: Umckaloabo, or South African Geranium: Possibly useful for treating respiratory infections. [116] Piper methysticum: Kava: The plant has been used for centuries in the South Pacific to make a ceremonial drink with sedative and anesthetic properties, with potential for causing liver injury. [117]
Piper excelsum (formerly known as Macropiper excelsum) of the pepper family (Piperaceae) and commonly known as kawakawa, is a small tree of which the subspecies P. excelsum subsp. excelsum is endemic to New Zealand; [3] the subspecies P. e. subsp. psittacorum is found on Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island and the Kermadec Islands.
The family consists of five genera: Piper, Peperomia, Zippelia, Manekia, and Verhuellia. The previously recognised Pacific genus Macropiper, was recently merged into Piper. [7] A tentative cladogram showing relationships based on Wanke et al. (2007) [8] is shown below. This phylogeny was based on 6,000 base pairs of chloroplast DNA.