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The merge happened, with the Islamic State of Iraq and some Al-Nusra fighters merging to form the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. Al-Nusra's leadership, as well as Al-Qaeda, both officially rejected the merge, in which the tension resulted in the newly founded ISIL being isolated from the global jihadist network, which was dominated by Al ...
Al-Qaeda in Iraq [a] (Arabic: القاعدة في العراق, romanized: al-Qā'idah fī al-ʿIrāq; AQI), was a Salafi jihadist organization affiliated with al-Qaeda. [1] [10] [11] [2] It was founded on 17 October 2004, [1] and was led by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi until its disbandment on 15 October 2006 after he was killed in a targeted bombing on June 7, 2006 in Hibhib, Iraq by the United ...
The Islamic Army–Al-Qaeda Conflict was part of the Iraqi civil war (2006–2008) and the Iraq War that followed the 2003 invasion of Iraq.The conflict was between Pan-Islamist, Salafi jihadist groups affiliated with Al-Qaeda, and Islamist groups made up of Iraqis which leaned more towards Iraqi nationalism and often disagreed with Al-Qaeda's ambitions.
The group went through a number of name changes as it declared itself not just an organization but a state, and then declared itself as a worldwide caliphate. In 2004, it became Tanẓīm Qāʻidat al-Jihād fī Bilād al-Rāfidayn, commonly known as al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI), when al-Zarqawi gave bay'ah to Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda.
Abu Umar al-Baghdadi and Abu Hamza al-Muhajir both insisted that the Islamic State of Iraq was not simply a new name for Al Qaeda in Iraq, but was an actual state. When other Iraq-based Salafi factions like the Islamic Army in Iraq refused to recognize it as a state and give it their allegiance , Abu Umar al-Baghdadi called them "sinners".
Although unaffiliated with the al-Qaeda network, [16] [17] the ISI was often labeled by U.S. military forces as "al-Qaeda in Iraq" until 2013. [18] ISI Emir Abu Omar al-Baghdadi and Minister of War Abu Hamza al-Muhajir were killed during a military operation by U.S.-led coalition forces on a safehouse on 18 April 2010.
On 22 February 2006, a highly provocative explosion took place at the al-Askari Mosque in the Iraqi city of Samarra, one of the holiest sites in Shi'a Islam, believed to have been caused by a bomb planted by al-Qaeda in Iraq. With the explicit strategic goal of triggering a "sectarian war", Al-Zarqawi hoped that through such a sectarian ...
Experts debate the notion that the al-Qaeda attacks were an indirect consequence of the American CIA's Operation Cyclone program to help the Afghan mujahideen. Robin Cook, British Foreign Secretary from 1997 to 2001, wrote in 2005 that al-Qaeda and bin Laden were "a product of a monumental miscalculation by western security agencies", and claimed that "Al-Qaida, literally 'the database', was ...