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Picasso painted Guernica at his home in Paris in response to the 26 April 1937 bombing of Guernica, a town in the Basque Country in northern Spain, by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. Upon completion, Guernica was exhibited at the Spanish pavilion at the 1937 Paris International Exposition and then at other venues around the world.
The bombing of Guernica by Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe and the Italian Aviazione Legionaria was deliberately chosen to occur on a Monday (April 26, 1937), because it was known that the Basque people who lived outside of Guernica proper would travel into town for the Market Day, thus affording the pilots of the German and Italian aircraft the ...
On the painting's significance, William Rubin, director of painting and sculpture at the Museum of Modern Art said, "I saw The Charnel House as a kind of sequel, almost, to the larger subject of Guernica. If Guernica, inspired by the Spanish Civil War, raises the curtain on World War II, then The Charnel House, done in 1945
The attacks destroyed the majority of Guernica. Three-quarters of the city's buildings were reported completely destroyed, and most others sustained damage. Among infrastructure spared were the arms factories Unceta and Company and Talleres de Guernica along with the Assembly House Casa de Juntas and the Gernikako Arbola. Since the Luftwaffe ...
Town survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. Shklow: שקלאָװ Shklov 2,132 (1939) Town survived, but all Jews were exterminated. Slonim: סלאָנים Slonim 10,000+ (1940) City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated. Slutsk: סלוצק Slutzk 10,264 (1897) City survived, but nearly all Jews were exterminated.
Expulsions of Jews in Europe from 1100 to 1600 1095–mid-13th century The waves of Crusades destroyed many Jewish communities in Europe (most notably in Rhineland) and in the Middle East (most notably in Jerusalem). [citation needed] Mid-12th century The invasion of Almohades brought to an end the Golden age of Jewish culture in Spain.
In 1610 Jews constituted about 7.5 percent of the population of Mantua. [21] In 1630 the Mantua ghetto was sacked by imperial troops and destroyed. [22] Among the Jewish dead or missing were the composer Salamone Rossi and his sister the opera singer Madama Europa. [23]
The images form a sequence like those in a comic book (in particular, the Spanish auca) and have a loose narrative: [1] [2] Franco's form changes from panel to panel. The Spanish dictator's appearance has been likened by various writers to a "jackbooted phallus", [7] "an evil-omened polyp" [6] and "a grotesque homunculus with a head like a gesticulating and tuberous sweet potato".